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CSUSM MIS 304 - Basics of Hardware and Software

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PowerPoint PresentationSlide 2Slide 3Slide 4Slide 5Slide 6Slide 7The Backbone…The Memory…The BrainsMotherboardMotherboard (cont)The form factor is just one of the many standards that apply to motherboards. Some of the other standards include:The slots and ports found on a motherboard include:Sockets and CPUsChipsetsRAMComputer HardwareApple Inc.Apple ProductsApple Hardware Standard FeaturesMacBook ProDell IncDell ProductsDell Standard FeaturesInspironHewlett Packard CompanyHewlett Packard ProductsHP CompaqProduct RecommendationsSlide 31HTM 304Management Information SystemsField Study : Basics of Hardware and Software2007-09-04Daniel OlssonBrett ColbertKathy LuJohn LieuChris RatiganInstructor : Fang FangCentral ProcessingEvolutionIntroduction FunctionParameterBrandsCentral ProcessingSuggestionsCentral ProcessingDefinitions :A motherboard is the central or primary circuit board making up a complex electronic system, such as a modern computer. It is also known as a mainboard, baseboard, system board, or, on Apple computers, a logic board, and is sometimes abbreviated as mobo.[1]A central processing unit (CPU), or sometimes simply processor, is the component in a digital computer capable of executing a program.(Knott 1974) It interprets computer program instructions and processes data. CPUs provide the fundamental digital computer trait of programmability, and are one of the necessary components found in computers of any era, along with primary storage and input/output facilities.Computer storage, computer memory, and often casually memory refer to computer components, devices and recording media that retain digital data used for computing for some interval of time. Computer storage provides one of the core functions of the modern computer, that of information retention. It is one of the fundamental components of all modern computers, and coupled with a central processing unit (CPU), implements the basic Von Neumann computer model used since the 1940s.EvolutionIntroduction FunctionParameterBrandsCentral ProcessingSuggestionsCentral ProcessingTime LineThe first computer to use integrated circuits, the IBM 360, is announced..19641975 19771981EvolutionIntroduction FunctionParameterBrandsCentral ProcessingSuggestionsCentral ProcessingTime LineThe first computer to use integrated circuits, the IBM 360, is announced..19681975 19771981The first microcomputer, the Altair, is introduced.EvolutionIntroduction FunctionParameterBrandsCentral ProcessingSuggestionsCentral ProcessingTime Line19681971 19771981Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs found Apple Computer.EvolutionIntroduction FunctionParameterBrandsCentral ProcessingSuggestionsThe first computer to use integrated circuits, the IBM 360, is announced..The first microcomputer, the Altair, is introduced.Central ProcessingTime Line19681975 19771981EvolutionIntroduction FunctionParameterBrandsCentral ProcessingSuggestionsIBM introduces the IBM PC.Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs found Apple Computer.The first computer to use integrated circuits, the IBM 360, is announced..The first microcomputer, the Altair, is introduced.Central ProcessingTime Line19821983 19841988 . . . . EvolutionIntroduction FunctionParameterBrandsCentral ProcessingSuggestionsCompaq released their IBM PC compatible Compaq Portable.IBM XT released, similar to the original IBM PC but with a hard drive.Motorola released the 68020 processor.First optical chip developed, it uses light instead of electricity to increase processing speed.Central ProcessingThe Backbone…EvolutionIntroduction FunctionParameterBrandsCentral ProcessingSuggestionsCentral ProcessingThe Memory…EvolutionIntroduction FunctionParameterBrandsCentral ProcessingSuggestionsThe Brains•Intel P4 Processor•Intel 4004 Processor, the first microprocessor.EvolutionIntroduction FunctionParameterBrandsCentral ProcessingSuggestionsMotherboard•Chip set: A motherboard's chip set performs such vital functions as routing data from hard drive to memory to CPU, and making sure all your peripherals and expansion cards can talk to the CPU and one another. Manufacturers base motherboards around the chip sets, adding features like RAID controllers and FireWire ports to differentiate their boardEvolutionIntroduction FunctionParameterBrandsCentral ProcessingSuggestionsMotherboard (cont)•The motherboard's main job is to hold the computer's microprocessor chip and let everything else connect to it.•Everything that runs the computer or enhances its performance is either part of the motherboard or plugs into it via a slot or port.EvolutionIntroduction FunctionParameterBrandsCentral ProcessingSuggestionsThe form factor is just one of the many standards that apply to motherboards. Some of the other standards include:•The socket for the microprocessor determines what kind of Central Processing Unit (CPU) the motherboard uses.•The chipset is part of the motherboard's logic system and is usually made of two parts -- the northbridge and the southbridge. These two "bridges" connect the CPU to other parts of the computer.•The Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) chip controls the most basic functions of the computer and performs a self-test every time you turn it on.EvolutionIntroduction FunctionParameterBrandsCentral ProcessingSuggestionsThe slots and ports found on a motherboard include:•Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI)- connections for video, sound and video capture cards, as well as network cards.•Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) - dedicated port for video cards.••Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE) - interfaces for the hard drives•Universal Serial Bus or FireWire - external peripherals•Memory slotsEvolutionIntroduction FunctionParameterBrandsCentral ProcessingSuggestionsSockets and CPUs•The faster the processor, the faster the computer can think.•Processor fits in with inserting the CPU’s pins into the motherboard.EvolutionIntroduction FunctionParameterBrandsCentral ProcessingSuggestionsChipsets•The chipset is the "glue" that connects the microprocessor to the rest of the motherboard and therefore to the rest of the computer.•On a PC, it consists of two basic parts -- the northbridge and the southbridge.•The northbridge connects directly to the processor via the front side bus (FSB). A memory controller is located on the northbridge, which gives the CPU fast access to the memory.•The southbridge is slower than the northbridge, and information from the CPU has to go through the northbridge before


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CSUSM MIS 304 - Basics of Hardware and Software

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