1Exam 3 Review Psych 312 Dr. Fournier Questions will be based on lectures, class activities, lab activities, and readings from the textbook. Questions will be multiple choice and essay. Questions will include topics covered throughout the semester including independent & dependent variables, hypothesis testing, operational definitions, control, sampling, types of confounds, extraneous variables, internal & external validity (and what factors affect each), reliability, validity, type of designs (including surveys & naturalistic observation, within subject, between subject, factorials, quasi-experimental, ex post facto, etc). All of these types of questions will relate to the new information you have learned in the chapters below. Thus, the exam is somewhat cumulative due to the nature of research methods and designs. However, most of the questions will come directly from the information contained in the chapters 12, 13, and 4. Chapt. 12 • Field research • external validity vs. internal validity issues • Quasi-experimental designs (all); when appropriate, strengths, weaknesses & be able to o identify or design one: § time series § interrupted time series § multiple time series § nonequivalent before-after design § retrospective & ex post facto designs • Correlational procedures (pros & cons; when appropriate to use; limitations of interpretations of results- (cumulative) • Naturalistic observation (pros & cons; how should conduct; when appropriate to use; limitations of; interpretations of results) • For all designs in this section, be able to determine if a design carried out in a scenario is appropriate, or whether another design may be better. Chapt. 13 • Types of single-subject designs (all); when use; how data is presented; pros and cons. o Case studies (naturalistic & one-shot); when use, pros and cons; o Experimental single-subject designs (reversal design, multiple-baseline design, multi-element design) • Evaluating single-subject experimental results • Identify whether design appropriate in a particular scenario Chapt. 4 o ethical considerations in research o know what can/cannot due; be able to identify if study is ethical or not; o if a study violates ethics, identify which one(s); o when ethics are violated, know how to change a study to make it ethical) (continued…)2 o participants rights o voluntary participation (be able to identify if truly voluntary) o informed consent (know all components of) o right to privacy (know some procedures that will insure privacy) -confidentiality -anonymity o what is considered harmful to the participant? o scientists rights o guidelines of APA - American Psych. Assoc. (see text for details) o use of deception in research - when okay, when not okay, procedures to reduce risks o Example risk studies: Milgram study, Radiation study, (examples in lecture) o risk/benefit ratio o debriefing - know all aspects; when use, what content should contain o consent form - know all aspects; what should be contained on such a form (see example from lab/ text) o participants as colleagues o animals as subjects (see specific outline in text) o ethical principles APA related to animal participants o ethical & moral questions o APA guidelines (see outline in text) o IRB (institutional review board) - know role and what purpose is (see details in text) o Responsibilities of Experimenter o report accurate results, create a sound study, do not fabricate data, do not plagiarize, responsible for ethical treatment of subjects, etc., (see notes AND text) ALSO KNOW: General information related to writing a scientific paper (goal of each section of paper & what information is contained in each section). FOR A REVIEW, CAN LOOK AT Chapt. 15; or see laboratory notes and APA manual. These are mainly a list of topics. When studying, please focus on anything that was discussed in lecture in great detail (especially if it concerned a class activity!!). Also, note that some information on the exams concern activities you are presently carrying out in the laboratory, including the laboratory assignments. Finally, know all info in text book covered in the chapters listed above. Don’t Stress!! Study Hard!! If you have any questions, come see the instructor or Lab TA You can do