Psychosocial Measures for Asian Americans: Tools for Practice and Researchwww.columbia.edu/cu/ssw/projects/pmap1Name of Measure: Perceived Caregiver Burden Scale (PCB) (Stommel, Given, & Given 1990)Purpose of Measure: To assess caregiver burden in terms of perceptions and feelingsabout caregivers’ physical and emotional health, family relationships, social life, work,and financesAuthor(s) of Abstract:Rashmi Gupta, Ph.D., LMSWPrivate Practitioner, India Association of North Texasemail:[email protected]: Gupta, R. (1999). The Revised Caregiver Burden Scale: A preliminaryevaluation. Research on Social Work Practice, 9(4), 508-520.Description of measure: PCB is a 31-item scale developed by Stommel et al. (1990).Each item is rated on a 4-point Likert scale, ranging from 1 = strongly disagree to 4 =strongly agree. All items (except Items 1, 5, 10, 17, and 20) were reverse coded in sucha way that ‘1’ implies the low to no caregiver burden and ‘4’ indicates high levels ofburden. The PCB has 5 sub-scales with reliability coefficients ranging from .72 to .92.1. Impact on finances (e.g., item 2: It is difficult to pay for the elder health needsand services)2. Impact on work schedule (e.g., item 12: I have to stop in the middle of mywork or activities to provide care)3. Feelings of abandonment by extended family (e.g., item 7: “It is very difficultto get help from my family in taking care of the elder)4. Impact on health of caregiver (e.g., item 9: My health has gotten worse sinceI have been caring for the elder)5. Sense of entrapment (e.g., item 28: “I feel trapped by my caregiving role).Language Availability: Measure was translated and back translated in Hindi and English.Translation Comment: Not describedDescription of Asian Population: One hundred and fifty Indian and Pakistani caregiversin the Dallas-Fort Worth area participated in the research. The average age of thecaregiver was 40.9 years, and the average age of the elder (care recipient) was 70.6years. Nearly 86.7% (130) of the caregivers interviewed were married, 7.3% were nevermarried, and 6.0% were divorced. Hindus made up 60.7% of the sample; Muslims,26%; Christians, 8%; and Sikhs, 5.3%. Of the total, 24% of the caregivers were fromPakistan, whereas 76% were from India. The average length of stay in the UnitedStates among caregivers was about 5 years. Out of the 150 caregivers, 65.3% werefemales. Among females, 24.7% were daughter and 38.7% were daughter-in-law, whilethe remainder included other caregivers. Almost 34.7%(52) of the sample were malecaregivers, of which 30% were sons and 2.7% were sons-in-law.Norms: The means (standard deviations) for the Perceived Caregiver Burden sub-scales are as follows (N = 150):Psychosocial Measures for Asian Americans: Tools for Practice and Researchwww.columbia.edu/cu/ssw/projects/pmap2Impact on finances: Mean = 9.0 (SD= 3.09)Impact on Work Schedule: Mean = 6.95 (SD = 2.32)Sense of Entrapment: Mean = 11.5 (SD = 4.08)Validity: A confirmatory factor analysis was computed. The results suggested a poor fitbetween the 31 item, 5 factor structure reported by Stommel et al., (1990) and theseSouth Asian data. Based inter item correlations the following items were dropped:5-10, 14-15, 17-19, 21-25. The final model, 13-item scale and 3 constructs has aComparative Fit index of .97.Reliability: Impact on finances: Alpha = .89Impact on Work Schedule: Alpha = .90Sense of Entrapment: Alpha = .96Original reference to instrument: Stommel, M., Given, M., & Given, E. (1990).Depression as an overriding variable explaining caregiver burdens. Journal of Aging andHealth, 2, 81-102How to obtain a copy of the instrument: Contact Dr. Rashmi