Wildlife Water Developments &the Social Construction ofConservation ConflictWhen the world was young…When the world was young…Produce wildlife product (elk, bighorn sheep)(Kellert 1996)Changing expectations & demandsChanging expectations & demandsGrand-Staircase Escalante NMGrand-Staircase Escalante NMRoadsRoadsand maintenanceand maintenanceControversy, Conflict & PropagandaAn Analysis…Focused on the “discourse”Using media articles, promotional literature, scientific articles, materials from a workshop held in fall 2004, & conversations/interviewsGoal: better understand the nature and roots of this conflict as a basis for policy recommendations aimed at revising decision processes to achieve durable common interest outcomes.Conflict(s)Conflict of cognitionsConflict of interestsConflict of world viewsConflict of personalitiesConflict of cognitionsConflict of interestsConflict of world viewsConflict of personalitiesConflict of cognitionsConflict(s)NegativisticHumanistic/MoralisticAesthetic/NaturalisticUtilitarian/DominionisticEcologistic/ScientisticWorld Views(Kellert 1996, Ruther 2005)Values(Lasswell & McDougal 1992)Well-beingSkillEnlightenmentAffectionRespectWealthRectitudePowerEXCLUSIONARYValues(Lasswell & McDougal 1992)Well-beingSkillEnlightenmentAffectionRespectWealthRectitudePowerINCLUSIVEBusiness model of governance (e.g. Total Quality Mgmt)(serving “customers,” identified as hunters)Dominant Models of Governance & Decision-MakingBureaucratic model of governance(Bureaus are sole the repositories of authority, control, responsibility & accountability)Scientific or techno-rational model of management(“problems” are technical and biophysical, and shouldbe left to the “experts” to solve)EXCLUSIONARYNarratives & World ViewsNarratives & World ViewsNarratives & World Views5 Ingroup narratives(currently with primary access to control & authority)Narrative of pragmatismNarrative of authority & responsibilityNarrative of businessNarrative of huntingNarrative of researchCORENarratives & World Views3 Outgroup narrativesNarrative of power & respect deprivationNarrative of pristine natureNarrative of policy compliance(of those comparatively disenfranchised)Narratives & World ViewsElements of justifying DoctrineNarrative of pragmatismNarrative of authority & responsibilityNarrative of businessNarrative of huntingNarrative of researchScientificmanagementBureaucraticgovernanceBusiness model ofgovernanceIngroupUtilitarian/DominionisticUtilitarian/DominionisticEXCLUSIONARYEXCLUSIONARYNarratives & World ViewsNarrative of power & respectdeprivationNarrative of pristine natureNarrative of policy complianceNaturalistic/Ecologistic/AestheticBureaucraticgovernanceOutgroupHuman rightsElements of justifying DoctrineEXCLUSIONARYNarratives & World ViewsThe “Problem”?Narrative of pragmatismNarrative of authority & responsibilityNarrative of businessNarrative of huntingNarrative of researchIngroupNot enough deference to authority & controlNot enough deference to skill & expertiseNot enough “product”Not enough WWDs & sheepNot enough reliable informationNarratives & World ViewsThe “Problem”?Narrative of pragmatismNarrative of authority & responsibilityNarrative of businessNarrative of huntingNarrative of researchIngroupNot enough deference to authority & controlNot enough deference to skill & expertiseNot enough WWDs & sheepNot enough reliable informationNot enough “product”DECISION PROCESSBIOPHYSICALSOCIAL PROCESSSOCIAL PROCESSBIOPHYSICALNarratives & World ViewsNarrative of power & respectdeprivationNarrative of pristine natureNarrative of policy complianceOutgroupThe “Problem”?Not enough pristine natureNot enough policy complianceNot enough authority & controlBIOPHYSICALDECISION PROCESSSOCIAL PROCESSNarratives & World ViewsPrimary value demandsNarrative of pragmatismNarrative of authority & responsibilityNarrative of businessNarrative of huntingNarrative of researchPOWERIngroupPowerPOWERexclusionary demandsNarratives & World ViewsPrimary value demandsNarrative of pragmatismNarrative of authority & responsibilityNarrative of businessNarrative of huntingNarrative of researchAFFECTIONWell-beingIngroupRespectRESPECTRespectENLIGHTENMENTpotentially inclusive demandsNarratives & World ViewsNarrative of power & respectdeprivationNarrative of pristine natureNarrative of policy complianceOutgroupPowerPOWERRECTITUDERectitudePrimary value demandsexclusionary demandsNarratives & World ViewsNarrative of power & respectdeprivationNarrative of pristine natureNarrative of policy complianceRESPECTOutgroupWell-beingPrimary value demandspotentially inclusive demandsNarratives & World ViewsNarrative of pragmatismNarrative of authority & responsibilityNarrative of businessNarrative of huntingNarrative of researchProve that WWDsdon’t IngroupworkBurden of proof(shoehorning worldviews into science)Narratives & World ViewsNarrative of power & respectdeprivationNarrative of pristine natureNarrative of policy complianceProve that WWD’s doOutgroupworkBurden of proof(shoehorning worldviews into science)Narratives & World ViewsThe (Governance) Problem?There are many definitions of “the”policy problem…rooted in diverse worldviews and related formulas and justifying doctrines…involving participants seeking diverse values.RESPECT DEPRIVATIONCONFLICTINCIVILITYLOSS OF TRUSTDIMINISHED SOCIAL CAPITALNarratives & World ViewsThe (Governance) Solution?Bureaucratic modelBusiness model (e.g., TQM)Scientific/techno-rational modelMore biological scienceFinding Common Ground?Finding Common Ground?Finding Common GroundVenues…Respectful & FairParticipatoryShare responsibility & controlFocus initially on informationFocus initially on solving pragmatic problemsFocus on finding common groundFocus on exploring perspectives(self reflection)Finding Common GroundPotential Problems?“Power junkies”“Rectitude junkies”Unhelpful models of