U S History to 1865 09 07 2013Class Notes History 1311 012 Dr Pinkney Puritanism in North America Pilgrims Puritans I Backgroung A Protestant Reformation B Reformation in England C Separatists Non Separatists II Pilgrims Separatists A Refuge in Holland B Plymouth Colony C Mayflower Compact III Puritans Non Separatists A City on a Hill 1 Massachusetts Bay Colony 2 Rule by the Elect B Dissenters Rough Lecture Notes jamestown founded for profit next two founded for religious reasons plymouth and massechusettes bay pilgrims and puritans persecuted those of other religions out of the puritan experience we get the concept of free religion and separation of church and state pilgrims and puritans are being presecuted because of the protestant refirmation was sparked my a roman catholic monk in 1517 martin luther is his name he believed that the roman catholic church had strayed too far from the beliefs of original christianity he opjected to the selling of indulgences luther believed that salvation came from faith alone not good works and faith salvation was a gift from god luther believed that god spoke through the bible not from the catholic chuch priests by 1520 martin has been excommunicated by the roman catholic church he has set off the potestant refirmation luther was not trying to do this he was trying to protest what he thought the roman catholic was taking of advantage of via religion he was trying to gain reform formation of new protestant churches pylgrims and puritans are going to become persecuted groups in england martin luther sparks the protestant revolution luther had followers they were equally unhappy with the movement of the catholic church a variety of protestant sects began to arrise believes that everyone should have access to the bible luther and his followers split from the catholic church disagreement among the protestant make them split into different churches disagreement leads to religious warfare need to know john calvin he plays a role in puritan thinking and the first two colonies founded the king of england is henry the eighth england was a roman catholic nation henry is faithful to the church until 1530 he does not have a legitimate air to the throne by this time henry is looking to get out of his marriage because his wife is beyond child bearing age he falls in love with another woman he appeals to dissolve his marriage with his wife cathrine pope declines his request henry the eighth removes england from the roman catholic church occurs for political reasons by 1534 henry creates the church of england with henry at the head henry makes no change religiously essentially putting himself at the head position where the pope is henry the eighth was married 8 times second marriage was ann boleyn the english refirmation is different isnt conducted for religious reasons but political england is thrown into turmoil because of the refirmation mary was queen of england for 5 years at least 500 protestants burned at the stake known as bloody mary dies after 5 years elizabeth is next in line and reigns for over 50 years elizabeth is protestant some unhappy that the process of changing to protestant was too slow these protestors are known as puritans calvinist theology is what these puritans are after by 1600s a small group within the puritans who become so unhappy with the lack of change that they actually split from the church of england pilgrims were church of england and then split from the church of england because lack of reforms also known as separatists by 1607 1608 some of them leave england and go to holland hoping to find some religious tolarence and do find it able to practice faith without getting attacked but they find it hard to fit in economically struggle to provide for family children begin to assimilate into the dutch culture wasnt what the separatists wanted by 1619 they re beginning to think about leaving holland and travel to north america the mayflower carried a little over 100 half pilgrims by 1620 they having financing from a joint stock company the purpose and motivn is religious they set sail goal is the virginia colony they get blown off course and land far north on present day massachusetts they knew they weren t where they needed to be the intrepretation of the storm was that it was gods will to stay where they landed they weren t sent over to establish a new colony didn t have a charter thus no government before they left the ship they agreed to majority rule this is known as the mayflower compact like the house of burgesses the mayflower is considered a building block to democracy the plymouth colony remains small eventually receives a charter never over population of 7000 eventually by 1691 they merge with the massachusetts bay colony they have given up hope on reforming england pilgrims have in between 1620 1630 things go opposite of what the puritans want the church of england is resistent to the reformation to clavinist theology from the puritans point of view the church of england is going the opposite way they want puritans come up with the idea of setting up a calvinist community to get a message out to the english church they think that if they set up that community that it will become a wake up call to the christianity belief to become a spark for reform winthrop will become the leader of the colony begins in 1630 between 1630 and 1640 as many as 16000 move to the massachusetts bay colony funded by joint stock company this migration is known as the great migration for decades the jamestown colony is heavily male massachusetts and plymouth are founded by families one of the tenents of calvinist theology is predestination they believed that god from the beginning of time has decided who was to be saved and who was to be damned fate is sealed before you are born since no human being can understand god or know who god has chosen no one can know who is chosen to go to heaven while on this earth we want to follow who is chosen as the elect to go to heaven the elect or visible saints should be the ones to be in charge and make the important decisions only the elect could be church members only the elect could vote in public office visible saints are passing the laws that enforce compulsory church attendance laws that prohibitted playing travel work or other liesure activities on the sabbath everyone paid taxes to support the puritan church striving for perfection there are always dissenters people who disagree rodger williams and