Chapter 10 Our Star Copyright 2009 Pearson Education Inc LCROSS Goal is to bang the crap out of the Moon with a Centaur rocket The impact is observed by a following spacecraft which impacts a few minutes later Copyright 2009 Pearson Education Inc Thud Copyright 2009 Pearson Education Inc The crash nothing Sort of something Copyright 2009 Pearson Education Inc 0 1 23 4 5 4 40 42 67 88 44 9 0 4 4 0 40 4 0 4 3 4 432 63 4 74 ABBC Copyright 2009 Pearson Education Inc NASA Advisory Council Structure NASA Advisory Council Aeronautics Committee Audit and Finance Committee Exploration Committee Possible other committees TBD To be updated Copyright 2009 Pearson Education Inc ExoPAG Human Capital Committee Astrophysics Subcommittee Earth Science Subcommittee CORPAG Proposed PhysPAG Proposed Science Committee Heliophysics Subcommittee Space Operations Committee Planetary Science Subcommittee Planetary Protection Subcommittee TBR NASA 2010 Strategic Draft Revised Astrophysics Science Goals and Questions Science Goals Astrophysics Study the physics of the cosmos at the most fundamental levels explore how the universe we see today emerged from chaos and search for habitable worlds orbiting other stars Key Science Questions How does the universe work at its most fundamental levels and under the most extreme conditions How did the universe evolve to produce the galaxies stars and planets we see today What are the characteristics of planetary systems about other stars and how common are planets capable of harboring life Copyright 2009 Pearson Education Inc Meeting National Needs Astrophysics supports increasing our understanding of the universe and our place in it OSTP OMB FY2011 Budget Priorities Memo Basic R D on the fundamental laws of nature that ultimately drive innovation and long term economic growth The cosmos is a frontier for defining the new physics of the 21st century International science and technology cooperation across a broad suite of science disciplines Highly synergistic cutting edge Copyright 2009 Pearson Education Inc 8 HST SM4 Early Release Observations Hubble Space Telescope SM4 Copyright 2009 Pearson Education Inc Launched May 11 at 2 02 PM ACS wide field channel repaired Rate Sensor Units replaced STIS repaired WFC3 installed Fine Guidance Sensor replaced SI C DH installed New Outer Blankets 5 7 8 replaced COS installed Soft Capture Mechanism installed New batteries installed Reboost not required 9 March 6 2009 10 48 PM April 9 2009 10 48 PM Liftoff of the Delta 2 Rocket with Kepler on a search for planets in some way like our own First Light image showing detector layout and star field 10 Astrophysics Division Missions Copyright 2009 Pearson Education Inc 11 ESA ESA Copyright 2009 Pearson Education Inc JAXA Budget Guidance for Decadal Survey 1 600 0 Astrophysics FY2010 President s Budget and Estimates for 2011 2023 1 400 0 Future Missions 1 200 0 M 1 000 0 Form Dev Op Missions 800 0 600 0 Mission Enabling 400 0 200 0 Program Mgmt Other FY 07 FY 08 FY 09 FY 10 FY 11 FY 12 FY 13 FY 14 FY 15 FY 16 FY 17 FY 18 FY 19 FY 20 FY 21 FY 22 FY 23 0 0 Fiscal Year Assumed operating missions beyond 2016 include JWST SOFIA HST De orbit mission development ramps up 2020 Future Missions wedge would be used for new mission initiatives R A technology augmentations extended missions etc The amount FutureInc Missions funding available between 2013 2020 is 4B Copyright 2009 PearsonofEducation FY2010 Astrophysics Program Content FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 1 281 3 1 120 9 1 074 1 1 042 8 1 126 3 1 139 6 Cosmic Origins James Webb Space Telescope HST SOFIA Spitzer SR T Future Missions 819 2 446 9 207 7 72 8 71 7 598 9 385 1 101 6 74 0 23 9 6 7 7 6 550 3 354 6 94 6 75 8 8 2 9 6 7 5 523 8 335 6 91 1 77 6 0 3 11 5 7 7 452 3 259 8 93 2 79 1 20 0 667 2 441 4 112 6 72 8 27 1 5 2 8 1 Physics of the Cosmos Fermi GLAST Herschel Planck Chandra GP B INTEGRAL XMM JDEM SR T LISA Con X Future and Management 128 3 13 2 23 6 69 7 8 5 2 8 10 5 147 7 22 2 31 9 66 1 6 4 4 9 16 2 188 5 23 0 29 6 62 5 213 9 23 8 29 4 58 0 291 4 24 0 27 3 55 3 330 3 24 5 14 4 58 7 7 2 66 2 9 2 93 5 11 2 173 7 12 5 220 2 68 1 25 2 20 0 11 0 12 0 46 2 20 1 2 0 13 3 10 8 57 3 14 8 86 9 14 3 123 5 8 6 167 3 12 7 29 8 14 2 58 4 15 5 99 4 15 9 151 5 Astrophysics Explorer WISE NuSTAR Astro H SXS Operating Explorers 130 7 65 2 38 7 9 9 16 9 107 9 13 0 59 5 10 9 24 4 69 5 5 2 33 7 11 3 19 3 26 6 1 6 6 8 3 1 15 1 10 4 0 2 6 4 3 8 1 7 Astrophysics Research Research and Analysis ADCAR ADP Senior Review Balloons SMD Administrative 135 0 60 0 28 0 24 6 22 4 151 9 61 1 37 3 26 7 26 9 160 0 62 5 41 4 28 8 27 2 165 0 64 0 41 5 32 4 27 0 177 2 66 2 51 0 33 2 26 9 188 0 67 8 56 9 35 8 27 5 FY10 President Submit Exoplanet Exploration Kepler SIM SR T Future Missions Keck LBTI Management Copyright 2009 Pearson Education Inc 12 5 7 7 1 7 10 1 A Closer Look at the Sun Our goals for learning Why does the Sun shine What is the Sun s structure Copyright 2009 Pearson Education Inc Why does the Sun shine Copyright 2009 Pearson Education Inc Is it on FIRE Copyright 2009 Pearson Education Inc Is it on FIRE Chemical Energy Content 10 000 years Luminosity Copyright 2009 Pearson Education Inc Is it on FIRE NO Chemical Energy Content Luminosity Copyright 2009 Pearson Education Inc 10 000 years Is it CONTRACTING Copyright 2009 Pearson Education Inc Kelvin Helmholtz Time Is it CONTRACTING Gravitational Potential Energy Luminosity Copyright 2009 Pearson Education Inc 25 million years Is it CONTRACTING NO Gravitational Potential Energy 25 million years Luminosity Copyright 2009 Pearson Education Inc E mc2 Einstein 1905 It is powered by NUCLEAR ENERGY Nuclear Potential Energy core Luminosity Copyright 2009 Pearson Education Inc 10 billion years Weight of upper layers compresses lower layers Copyright 2009 Pearson Education Inc Gravitational equilibrium Energy provided by fusion maintains the pressure Copyright 2009 Pearson Education Inc Gravitational contraction provided energy that heated the core as the Sun was forming Contraction stopped when fusion began replacing the energy radiated into space Hydrostatic Equilibirum Copyright 2009 Pearson Education Inc What is the …
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