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BU CAS LX 522 - Installment 12a. Commentary, and the beginning of wh-movement

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CAS LX 522 Syntax IWhile thinking about syntaxSlide 3While PRO thinking about syntaxBefore PRO finishing…Slide 6Slide 7Slide 8Before his cooking of the t(of)urkey, Ike had never opened the oven before.On gerundsNonverbal predicatesSlide 12Zoe is likely to stay in ChileWh-questions[wh]Slide 16How are wh-questions formed?What will they bake?Slide 19Slide 20Slide 21Interrogative Q vs. Declarative QOpWill they bake pie?Homework 9 additionsInstallment 12a. Commentary, and Installment 12a. Commentary, and the beginning of the beginning of whwh-movement-movement(9.1-9.3)(9.1-9.3)CAS LX 522CAS LX 522Syntax ISyntax IWhile thinking about syntaxWhile thinking about syntaxBefore finishing his homework,Before finishing his homework,Ike watched TV.Ike watched TV.FinishFinish: : transitivetransitive ( (AgentAgent, , ThemeTheme))Agent:Agent: ??Theme:Theme: his homeworkhis homeworkWatchWatch: : transitivetransitive ( (AgentAgent, , ThemeTheme))Agent:Agent: IkeIkeTheme:Theme: TVTVIke watched TVIke watched TV is the main clause.is the main clause.Before finishing his homeworkBefore finishing his homework is a modifier.is a modifier.While thinking about syntaxWhile thinking about syntaxBefore finishing his homework,Before finishing his homework,Ike watched TV.Ike watched TV.Intuitively, it is Ike who was (at least at risk of) Intuitively, it is Ike who was (at least at risk of) finishing his homework.finishing his homework.We are not going to have any particular explanation We are not going to have any particular explanation for exactly for exactly howhow the interpretation tied to the subject the interpretation tied to the subject comes about, but it seems to be.comes about, but it seems to be.Before he finished his homework,Before he finished his homework,Ike watched TV.Ike watched TV.While PRO thinking about syntaxWhile PRO thinking about syntaxBefore PRO finishing his homework, …Before PRO finishing his homework, …This PRO does seem to be controlled by This PRO does seem to be controlled by the subject somehow (the subject somehow (*While raining, Ike *While raining, Ike dashed to the storedashed to the store).).The form The form finishingfinishing is not the progressive, it is not the progressive, it is the present participle, a nonfinite form.is the present participle, a nonfinite form.Before PRO finishing…Before PRO finishing…T is not finite, so no [tense] feature.T is not finite, so no [tense] feature.It is not the It is not the infinitiveinfinitive either. either.We’ll say this form has the [ing] We’ll say this form has the [ing] feature.feature.The [The [uuInfl:Infl:] feature of ] feature of vv is matched, is matched, valued, and checked by the [ing] valued, and checked by the [ing] feature, resulting in feature, resulting in finishingfinishing..TT[ing]TPDPPROCPCbeforeVfinishVPDPhis homeworkvvvP<DP>v<V>[uInf:ing]Before PRO finishing…Before PRO finishing…How does PRO get its case feature How does PRO get its case feature checked?checked?Some relevant sentences:Some relevant sentences:Before Before hehe finished his homework, finished his homework, Ike watched TV.Ike watched TV.Before Ike’s finishing Before Ike’s finishing ofof his his homework, tension was high.homework, tension was high.TT[ing]TPDPPROCPCbeforeVfinishVPDPhis homeworkvvvP<DP>v<V>Before PRO finishing…Before PRO finishing…Given this, the best hypothesis Given this, the best hypothesis seems to be that the [ing] T also seems to be that the [ing] T also has a [has a [nullnull] feature, checking ] feature, checking case with PRO just like finite T case with PRO just like finite T checks nominative case with checks nominative case with other subjects.other subjects.[[nullnull] = [] = [uucase:nullcase:null]]TT[ing]TPDPPROCPCbeforeVfinishVPDPhis homeworkvvvP<DP>v<V>Before Before PRO PRO finishing…finishing…The only thing left is to The only thing left is to attach the modifier into attach the modifier into the main clause…the main clause…TT[past]TPDPIkeTPVwatchVPDPTVvvvP<DP>v<V>TT[ing]TPDPPROCPCbeforeVfinishVPDPhis homeworkvvvP<DP>v<V>CPØCBefore his cooking of the Before his cooking of the t(of)urkey, Ike had never opened t(of)urkey, Ike had never opened the oven before.the oven before.On gerundsOn gerundsThere is yet another form of the verb that shows There is yet another form of the verb that shows up with up with -ing-ing on the end of it in English: the on the end of it in English: the gerundgerund..A gerund is basically a verb acting as a noun— A gerund is basically a verb acting as a noun— we’ve been looking at this kind of deverbal noun we’ve been looking at this kind of deverbal noun already. One way to tell whether you are looking already. One way to tell whether you are looking at a gerund (noun) or not (a verb) is to see at a gerund (noun) or not (a verb) is to see whether it is modified by adjectives or adverbs:whether it is modified by adjectives or adverbs:Before his quick(*ly) cooking of the t(of)urkey…Before his quick(*ly) cooking of the t(of)urkey…Before quick-*(ly) finishing his homework…Before quick-*(ly) finishing his homework…Nonverbal predicatesNonverbal predicatesNonverbal predicatesNonverbal predicatesMain clauses seem to Main clauses seem to needneed a T (and a finite one at a T (and a finite one at that), and in English at least, it seems that we that), and in English at least, it seems that we further need a further need a vv..However, there are sentences in which the main However, there are sentences in which the main predicate really isn’t verbal:predicate really isn’t verbal:Frankie is a pathologist.Frankie is a pathologist.Boyd is grumpy.Boyd is grumpy.Here the verb Here the verb bebe seems to be doing not much more seems to be doing not much more than “gluing” the subject to the predicate.than “gluing” the subject to the predicate.Nonverbal Nonverbal predicatespredicatesThis is slightly This is slightly sticky terrain, but sticky terrain, but as a first as a first hypothesis, hypothesis, suppose that suppose that Boyd Boyd is grumpyis grumpy looks like looks like this:this:That is, we have an That is, we have an auxiliary Pred, auxiliary Pred, realized as realized as bebe, that , that moves to Tmoves to Tits [its [uuInfl:Infl:] feature is ] feature is strong when strong when


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BU CAS LX 522 - Installment 12a. Commentary, and the beginning of wh-movement

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