TRAD101TRAD101Languages & CulturesLanguages & Culturesof East Asiaof East AsiaBuddhism IIIBuddhism IIIPengPengBuddhismBuddhism►►Life of BuddhaLife of Buddha►►Schools of Buddhism:Schools of Buddhism:1. 1. TheravâdaTheravâdaBuddhism Buddhism (Teaching of the Elders, (Teaching of the Elders, HHîînayânanayâna, Lesser Vehicle), Lesser Vehicle)2. 2. MahâyânaMahâyânaBuddhism Buddhism (Great Vehicle) (Great Vehicle) 3. 3. VajrayânaVajrayânaBuddhism Buddhism (Thunderbolt Vehicle)(Thunderbolt Vehicle)The Spread of BuddhismThe Spread of BuddhismSpread of Spread of VajrayânaVajrayânaBuddhism Buddhism ("Thunderbolt Vehicle")("Thunderbolt Vehicle")►►TibetTibet& then & then MongoliaMongolia►►In Tibet: In Tibet: LamaismLamaism(the monks: Lamas)(the monks: Lamas)Dalai LamaDalai Lama: : --the priestly ruler of Tibet the priestly ruler of Tibet --fled China in 1959fled China in 1959--successive incarnations of the Bodhisattva successive incarnations of the Bodhisattva AvalokiteshvaraAvalokiteshvara. . ►►In China, Japan: In China, Japan: special special "esoteric" schools"esoteric" schools►►In Indonesia: Buddhism gave way to In Indonesia: Buddhism gave way to IslâmIslâm. .The Spread of BuddhismThe Spread of BuddhismThe Four Noble TruthThe Four Noble Truth1.1.DukkhaDukkha((苦諦苦諦the truth of suffering) the truth of suffering) 2.2.TanhaTanha((集諦集諦the truth of desire)the truth of desire)--thirst for sensual pleasurethirst for sensual pleasure--thirst for existencethirst for existence--thirst for nonthirst for non--existenceexistence3.3.The Truth of Cessation (The Truth of Cessation (NirodhaNirodha) ) ((滅諦滅諦))4.4.The Truth of the Path (The Truth of the Path (MaggaMagga) ) ((道諦道諦))--the Noble Eightfold Paththe Noble Eightfold PathThe Noble Eightfold PathThe Noble Eightfold Path1.1.Right Views (Right Views (正見正見))the acceptance of Buddhist teachings and later their the acceptance of Buddhist teachings and later their experiential confirmationexperiential confirmation2.2.Right Intent/Resolve (Right Intent/Resolve (正思正思))Making a serious commitment to developing right Making a serious commitment to developing right attitudesattitudes3.3.Right Speech (Right Speech (正言正言))telling the truth & speaking in a thoughtful & sensitive telling the truth & speaking in a thoughtful & sensitive wayway4.4.Right Conduct Right Conduct ((正業正業))--Five Buddhist Precepts (Five Buddhist Precepts (佛門五戒佛門五戒): Do not kill; Do not ): Do not kill; Do not steal; Do not lie; Do not be unchaste; Do not drink steal; Do not lie; Do not be unchaste; Do not drink intoxicants.intoxicants.The Noble Eightfold PathThe Noble Eightfold Path5.5.Right Livelihood Right Livelihood ((正命正命))--not engaging in an occupation which causes harmnot engaging in an occupation which causes harm6.6.Right Effort (Right Effort (正精進正精進))7.7.Right Mindfulness (Right Mindfulness (正念正念))--cultivating constant awarenesscultivating constant awareness8.8.Right Concentration/Meditation (Right Concentration/Meditation (正定正定))--developing deep levels of mental calm through developing deep levels of mental calm through various techniques which concentrate the mind & various techniques which concentrate the mind & integrate the personalityintegrate the personalityInfluence of Buddhism in East AsiaInfluence of Buddhism in East Asia►►new schools of Buddhismnew schools of Buddhism►►political influencepolitical influence►►art & architecture art & architectureInfluence of Buddhism in JapanInfluence of Buddhism in Japan►►a painting movement a painting movement --illustrations of Buddha's life & other deities of Buddhismillustrations of Buddha's life & other deities of Buddhism--affected by affected by JokoJokoShinko (Pure Land Buddhism) after the Shinko (Pure Land Buddhism) after the 1010ththcenturycentury►►construction for temples and monastic compounds construction for temples and monastic compounds --AsukaderaAsukadera, , ShitennojiShitennoji& & HoryujiHoryujiTempleTemple--some famous murals in some famous murals in Horyuji'sHoryuji'sGolden Hall Golden Hall --In the temples, sculptures representing variousIn the temples, sculptures representing variousBuddhasBuddhasand other deities.and other deities.HoryujiHoryujiTemple Temple Prince Shotoku (574-622) is considered to be the true founder of Buddhism though. It was through his imperial support that major temples were built, such as Horyuji (in present day Nara Prefecture)HoryujiHoryujiTemple Temple Daikodo (Lecture Hall) at the Central Gate of Horyuji near NaraAsukaderaAsukaderaTempleTempleAsukaderaAsukaderaTempleTempleShitennojiShitennojiTempleTempleNara's Todaiji templelargest wooden building in the world Emperor Shomu (701-756) made Buddhism the official state religion and built the temple Todaiji at Nara along with its huge statue of Buddha.Nara's Todaiji templeEmperor Shomu (701-756) made Buddhism the official state religion and built the temple Todaiji at Nara along with its huge statue of Buddha.Buddhism PaintingsBuddhism Paintingschiren Shonin Nirvana painting Myo-ko temple Jukkai Isshin paintingZen School Zen School ►►the the RinzaiRinzaisect & the Soto sectsect & the Soto sect►►the warrior elite: the warrior elite: because of the emphasis of because of the emphasis of selfself--disciplinediscipline& & meditationmeditation, as well as its , as well as its directnessdirectness..►►To reach To reach enlightenmentenlightenment((satorisatori), ), meditationmeditation((zazenzazen) ) & & irrational riddlesirrational riddles((koankoan) are used. ) are used. more emphasis on the riddles in the more emphasis on the riddles in the RinzaiRinzaiZen Zen The The zenzenmind mind http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XK_4Z5DZcNMhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XK_4Z5DZcNMhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1LN2W9Yv2hUhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1LN2W9Yv2hUHow to How to medidatemedidatehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e0rSmxsVHPEhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e0rSmxsVHPEhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fF5S_hxcZxchttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fF5S_hxcZxcInternal energy flow systemInternal energy flow systemhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6TJS6MkP17Uhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6TJS6MkP17UBuddhist sects for commonersBuddhist sects for commoners►►the Pure Land sectthe Pure Land sectchanting Buddha chanting Buddha