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Computers Are Your FutureSlide 2What You Will Learn AboutSlide 4Database ConceptsThe Levels of Data in a DatabaseData TypeSlide 8Types of Database ProgramsSlide 10Relational Database Management SystemsData Warehousing and Data MiningSlide 13Client/Server Database SystemsSlide 15The Internet Connection: Going Public With DataAdvantages of Database Management SystemsInformation Systems: Tools for Global CompetitivenessFunctional Divisions of an OrganizationTransaction Processing Systems (TPSs)Management Information Systems (MISs)Decision Support Systems (DSSs)Executive Information Systems (EISs)Types of Decisions and Information Systems for ManagersKnowledge Management SystemsExpert SystemsComputers and Databases in the Retail SectorSlide 28Chapter 12 SummaryChapter 12 Summary continuedComputers Are Your Future© 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc.© 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc Slide 2Computers Are Your Future Chapter 12Computers Are Your FutureChapter 12Databases and Information Systems© 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc Slide 3Computers Are Your Future Chapter 12What You Will Learn AboutThe potential uses of a database programThe basic components of a databaseThe differences between file management and relational database programs Advanced database programs and applications© 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc Slide 4Computers Are Your Future Chapter 12What You Will Learn AboutThe basic qualities of a good databaseComponents and functions of an information systemFunctional divisions of an organizationMajor types of information systems used todayDatabases in retail organizations© 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc Slide 5Computers Are Your Future Chapter 12Database ConceptsData is any unorganized text, graphics, sounds, or videosA database is a collection of dataDatabase programs enable people to add, sort, group, summarize, and print data Information is data that has been processed in a meaningful and useful way© 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc Slide 6Computers Are Your Future Chapter 12The layers in a database are:Bits – The lowest layer made of 1s and 0sCharacters – Letters, numbers, and symbolsFields – Areas that contain data identified by field names (Examples: First Name; Address; City)Records – Contain a group of fieldsData files – Contain related recordsDatabases – The top layer made of one or more data files (Example: ABC Company Address Book Mailing list, Employee list, Vendor list)The Levels of Data in a Database© 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc Slide 7Computers Are Your Future Chapter 12Data TypeData usually consists of text, numbers, currency, and dates Logical data – Only “yes” or “no” answers are allowedObjects – Non-textual dataBinary large objects (BLOBs) – Very large objectsDefault value – Pre-defined values such as today’s date© 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc Slide 8Computers Are Your Future Chapter 12Data TypeOne field in a record is identified as the key field or primary keyThe key field must be a unique entry such as a social security number or student ID© 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc Slide 9Computers Are Your Future Chapter 12Types of Database ProgramsFile Management Programs:Create flat files containing one file or tableFiles can not be linked to other filesAre easy to use and customizeAre not as complex as database management systems© 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc Slide 10Computers Are Your Future Chapter 12Types of Database ProgramsDatabase Management Systems (DBMS):Contain multiple files or tablesAre programs that enable data to be stored, modified, and extracted from a databaseAre more difficult to learn than file management systems© 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc Slide 11Computers Are Your Future Chapter 12Relational Database Management SystemsRelational database management systems are the most widely used type of DBMSData in several files are related through the use of a common key field© 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc Slide 12Computers Are Your Future Chapter 12Data Warehousing and Data MiningData Warehousing:Supplements DBMSs by bringing together all data into one huge databaseOrganizes management’s decision-making processUses a technique called drill-down to view performance data of the entire company© 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc Slide 13Computers Are Your Future Chapter 12Data Warehousing and Data MiningData marts support one division of an organization rather than an entire firmData Mining:Is a data exploration techniqueIs used to find unknown patterns of data© 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc Slide 14Computers Are Your Future Chapter 12Client/Server Database SystemsData server – Professionally administered program that runs on a local area network (LAN); it responds to requests for dataClient – A user-friendly program that accesses the server; users can add data, maintain records, perform queries, and generate reportsClients request data using a query language called Structured Query Language (SQL)© 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc Slide 15Computers Are Your Future Chapter 12Client/Server Database SystemsQuery Specially phrased question used to access specific information© 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc Slide 16Computers Are Your Future Chapter 12The Internet Connection: Going Public With DataWeb-based integration is the latest trend in database softwareInformation is stored in databases that are available through the Internet© 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc Slide 17Computers Are Your Future Chapter 12Advantages of Database Management SystemsData integrity is the validity of the data. Data validation defines acceptable input ranges for each field.Types of data validation are:Alphabetic checkNumeric checkRange checkConsistency checkCompleteness checkData independence refers to how data is stored so that it can be used with different types of application programs.Avoidance of data redundancy refers to avoiding the repetition of data.Data security is the unavailability of data to people who would misuse it. Data is also protected from loss due to equipment failure.Data maintenance refers to the procedures for adding, updating, and deleting records.The areas of importance for building a quality database are:Data integrityData independenceAvoidance of data redundancyData securityData maintenance© 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc Slide 18Computers Are Your Future Chapter 12Information Systems: Tools for


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WPU CS 2010 - Computers Are Your Future

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