Comparative Physiology Withers CH 14 Circulation Design of Circulatory system • 3 essential components – Circulating fluid – Vascular system – Heart Design of Circulatory system • Lower metazoans • Pseudocoelomates • Coelomates – Open circulatory system – Closed circulatory system • Extracellular fluid, interstistial fluid, blood, lymph, intracellular fluid Heart Types Design of Circulatory systems • Rheology – Viscosity – Poisuille-Hagen flow formula – Laminar and turbulent flow – Resistance – Distensibility and compliance – Pressure, velocity and gravity Rheology • Viscosity• Shear stress • Shear strain rate • Hematocrit • Intrinsic viscosity Poiseuille-Hagen Flow Formula • Vb=Pr4/8nl – Vb= blood flow P=blood pressure difference – r= radius – N = blood viscosity – I = length of vessel Flow • Laminar • Turbulent Conductance • R= 8nl/r4 • C =1/R • Rt= sum of peripheral resistances Distensibility and Compliance Distensibility and Compliance Pressure, velocity and
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