10 19 2013 Tues Oct 22 Case Study Prep Lecture 12 Representation Naming Ionic and Covalent Compounds 5 1 3 Compounds with Polyatomic Ions 5 5 Writing Formulas from Names 5 7 Questions we ll answer How do we name molecules and ionic compounds Naming Binary Compounds Chemical formulas are derived from symbols for the elements and their relative amounts in the compound We will focus on naming binary compounds two elements Different classes a metal and a nonmetal ionic compounds Type I Non Transition Metals or Main Group Type II Transition Metals two nonmetals Type III Nonmetals 1 10 19 2013 Reading the Periodic Table A groups main group 1 B groups transition metals 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 13 14 15 16 17 18 10 11 12 These elements are also part of the transition metal block Naming Binary Compounds Chemical formulas are derived from symbols for the elements and their relative amounts in the compound We will focus on naming binary compounds two elements Different classes a metal and a nonmetal ionic compounds Type I Non Transition Metals or Main Group Type II Transition Metals two nonmetals Type III Nonmetals or Covalent 2 10 19 2013 What patterns do you see Consider the following four binary ionic compounds BaI2 NaCl Al2O3 MgS barium iodide sodium chloride aluminum oxide magnesium sulfide Are there any patterns that you notice Name consists of a word for each species First word is just the element name but ide suffix appears for second element Number of elements in the compound can change not simply 1 1 Binary Ionic Compounds Zumdahl Nomenclature Type I Ionic Cations Mn name of atom cation Magnesium Mg2 magnesium cation Cesium Cs cesium cation Anions Xm root of atom name ide Fluorine F fluoride anion Sulfur S2 sulfide anion Selenium Se2 selenide anion Compound Name cation name anion name Chemical Formula MmXn 3 10 19 2013 Binary Ionic Compounds Table of common ions and nomenclature Example Name the following compound KCl K Cl Name the following compound CaBr2 Ca2 Br Write the formula for barium hydride Ba2 H Write the formula for aluminum sulfide Al3 S2 4 10 19 2013 Naming Binary Compounds Chemical formulas are derived from symbols for the elements and their relative amounts in the compound We will focus on naming binary compounds two elements Different classes a metal and a nonmetal ionic compounds Type I Non Transition Metals or Main Group Type II Transition Metals two nonmetals Type III Nonmetals or Covalent What patterns do you see Consider the following four binary ionic compounds involving a transition metal FeCl2 FeCl3 SnO2 CuBr2 iron II chloride iron III chloride tin IV oxide copper II bromide Are there any patterns that you notice Name consists of a word for each species just like before First word is just the element name but now a roman numeral appears Like before ide suffix appears for second element Also like before number of elements in the compound can change not simply 1 1 5 10 19 2013 Binary Compounds of Transition Metals Zumdahl Nomenclature Type II Ionic Cations Mn name of atom oxidation state cation Oxidation state charge Use Roman numerals Example Iron Fe Fe2 iron II cation Fe3 iron III cation Anions Xm root of atom name ide same as before Compound Name cation name anion name Chemical Formula MmXn Example Name the following compound CuCl Cu Cl Name the following compound MnO2 Mn4 O2 Write the formula for vanadium V fluoride V5 F Write the formula for tin IV bromide Sn4 Br 6 10 19 2013 Binary Compounds of Transition Metals There are both new school and old school ways to indicate cation charge state ic is the higher oxidation state ous is the lower oxidation state Unfortunately you have to know the common oxidation states for a given metal We ll stick with the systematic or new school approach exclusively Naming Binary Compounds Chemical formulas are derived from symbols for the elements and their relative amounts in the compound We will focus on naming binary compounds two elements Different classes a metal and a nonmetal ionic compounds Type I Non Transition Metals or Main Group Type II Transition Metals two nonmetals Type III Nonmetals or Covalent 7 10 19 2013 What patterns do you see Consider the following four binary molecular compounds ClO2 PCl5 NO2 N2O4 chlorine dioxide phosphorous pentachloride nitrogen dioxide dinitrogen tetraoxide Are there any patterns that you notice Name consists of a word for each species First word is just the element name but ide suffix appears for second element Number of elements in the compound can change and prefixes are added to name to reflect this different from previous cases Binary Molecular Compounds Zumdahl Nomenclature Type III 1 The first element in the formula is named first and the full element name is used 2 The second element is named as though it were an anion with ide suffix 3 Prefixes are used to indicate the number of atoms present 4 The prefix mono is never used for naming the first element i e CO is carbon monoxide not monocarbon monoxide Prefix Indicated mono 1 di 2 tri 3 tetra 4 penta 5 hexa 6 hepta 7 octa 8 nona 9 deca 10 8 10 19 2013 Example Name the following compound BF3 Name the following compound I2O7 Write the formula for phosphorus trichloride Write the formula for dinitrogen trioxide Polyatomic Ions There are many polyatomic ions that are referred to as a group when naming a compound 9 10 19 2013 Example Name the following compound Na2SO4 Na SO42 Name the following compound KMnO4 K MnO4 Write the formula for iron III nitrate Fe3 NO3 Write the formula for cesium perchlorate Cs ClO4 Closing Thoughts on Naming Zumdahl provides a naming flow chart I think you have better uses for your time than memorizing a flow chart In the end people really learn naming rules by practice and experience It is a good practice to become familiar with names of common cations and anions both atomic and polyatomic Lots of practice in this in ALEKS 10