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UMD CMSC 411 - Sample Final Exam Questions

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CMSC 411 Sample Final Exam QuestionsGeneral instructions.Be complete, yet concise. You may leave arithmetic expressions in any form that a calculator could evaluate.1. Storage systems(a) Use the data in the following table to compute the average disk access time for one sector, inmilliseconds.average seek time 7 mstransfer rate 8MB/secrotation speed 5000 RPMsector size 2048 bytescontroller overhead 1 ms(b) What is the speedup for disk accesses if we use a disk with more tracks so that average seek timeis 9ms, but the disk is faster, rotating at 9000 RPM and with a transfer rate of 10MB/sec?2. CachesWe have a 500 MHz processor with 2 levels of cache, plus Main Memory. Assume that the firstlevel cache contains separate instruction and data caches, while the second level cache is unified. Thememory system has the following parameters:Hit Time Miss Rate Block SizeFirst-Level Cache 1 cycle 4% - Data 64 bytes1% - InstructionsSecond-Level Cache 20 cycles 2% 128 bytesMain Memory 50 cycles - 16 KbytesFinally, the bus parameters are as follows:• L1 cache - L2 cache bus : 1 cycle / word• L2 cache - Memory bus : 5 cycles / wordYou can also assume that 1 word is 8 bytes.(a) What is the average memory access time in nanoseconds for instructions?(b) What is the average memory access time in nanoseconds for data reads?3. CPU performanceSuppose we have the following instruction mix and clock cycles per instruction.Instruction Frequency CyclesALU operations 40% 1Load 15% 2Store 10% 2Branches 20% 3Floating point operations 15% 6Suppose our computer has the following specifications:• CPU - 720MHZ• Main Memory - 128MB(a) What is the overall CPI of this machine?(b) What is the MIPS rating of this machine?(c) Consider improving this computer’s performance by enhancing the speed of the floating pointinstructions. What is the best possible overall speedup that we could obtain?4. Short answersEach question should be answered in no more than three or four (not too long) sentences.(a) Storage SystemsIn a RAID system, why does using a single parity disk cause performance problems? Name onemethod for alleviating the performance problems. If one of the disks (data or parity) fails, whatinformation is needed to reconstruct the data for a block-interleaved parity RAID system?(b) Hardware ILPWhat performance benefits can hardware-based speculation provide that branch prediction withdynamic scheduling cannot? What are the associated costs?(c) BusesDescribe one advantage a synchronous bus has over an asynchronous bus, and one advantage anasynchronous bus has over a synchronous bus.(d) MultiprocessorsDescribe one feature that is shared between snooping and directory based multiprocessor cachecoherence protocols. Also describe one difference between the 2 types of


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