Example of Presenting Data Using a Nominal Scale Table 1: Best Methods to Keep Students Informed About Career/Internship/Job Opportunities N Valid Percent e-mails from your department/college 54 39.1% e-mails from the career center 34 24.6% e-mails from faculty 17 12.3% announcements in class 16 11.6% postings to the RU portal 7 5.1% postings to the career center website 6 4.3% conversations with other students 2 1.4% other 2 1.4% About Information Related to Your Program of Study to Include Advising & Registration N Valid Percent e-mails from your department 48 33.6% e-mails from your college's advising center 44 30.8% e-mails from faculty advisor 37 25.9% announcements in class 6 4.2% postings to the RU portal 3 2.1% postings on your department's website 2 1.4% conversations with other students 2 1.4% other 2 1.4% About Information Related to Classes in Which You Are Enrolled N Valid Percent e-mails from your professor 98 69.0% postings to WebCT 26 18.3% announcements in class 13 9.2% postings to the instructor's web site 4 2.8% conversations with other students 1 70.0% Stanton Notes: 1. You should report the number of people (N) who selected a specific response. 2. You should report the valid percent for each response. 3. The responses should be ordered from highest to lowest (based on the valid percent). 4. If a response category was NOT selected by any of the respondents, you should include it with 0 for N and 0.0% for the Valid Percent. 5. If 10% or more of the respondents did NOT answer a particular question, this should be noted by including a footnote listing the percentage of respondents who did not answer the question. Examples of Data Using Ordinal 'DWD Table 2: Starting Annual Salary in First Career Related Job N Valid Percent Less than $20,000 11 10.2% $20,000 - $29,999 38 35.2% $30,000 - $39,999 37 34.3% $40,000 - $49,999 12 11.1% $50,000 or more 10 9.3% Median Salary = $30,000 - $39,999 22.3% of the survey respondents did not answer this question Stanton Notes: If you have a question in which the answer categories are ordinal: 1. You should report the number of people (N) who selected a specific response. 2. You should report the valid percent for each response. 3. The responses should be ordered based on the response categories from low to high. 4. If a response category was NOT selected by any of the respondents, you should include it with 0 for N and 0.0% for the Valid Percent. 5. You should report the median (not the number but the category) for the item. 6. If 10% or more of the respondents did NOT answer a particular question, this should be noted by including a note listing the percentage of respondents who did not answer the question. Table 3: Likelihood Alumni Will in valid percent (%) N Median Definitely Unsure Unlikely Send son/daughter to Radford University 136 Definitely 58.4 26.5 5.2 Recommend the marketing major at RU to current students 125 Definitely 86.4 11.2 2.4 Stanton Notes: If you have a scale that is ordinal: 1. You should report the number of people (N) who answered the ques tion. 2. You should report the median for each question. 3. You should report the Valid Percent for each item in the scale 4. If one of the scale categories was NOT selected by any of the respondents (this is quite unlikely), you should include it with 0.0% for the Valid Percent. 5. You should report the median (not the number but the category) for the item. 6. If 10% or more of the respondents did NOT answer a particular question, this should be noted by including a note listing the percentage of respondents who did not answer the question.Question with ordinal categoriesQuestion Using an Ordinal ScaleExample of Presenting Data Using an Interval Scale Table 3: Importance of information Sources When Researching Colleges/Universities in valid percent (%) using scale where "5" is Very Important and "1" is Not Important N Mean % Did Not Use the Resource Top Box Neutral Bottom Box Importance of: Visits to campus 289 4.53 5.1 87.6 7.7 4.7 College/University web sites 290 4.25 5.1 78.6 14.9 6.5 CollegeBoard.com 288 4.04 14.7 72.7 19.2 8.2 Friends 290 3.86 4.5 67.5 20.6 12.0 High school guidance counselors 290 3.73 13.0 62.3 29.0 17.1 Printed admissions materials/viewbooks 286 3.72 18.8 62.3 19.9 17.8 Family members 289 3.71 16.4 58.1 26.1 15.7 Search engines (Google, Yahoo!, etc.) 289 3.57 29.8 55.4 25.2 19.2 High school teachers 286 3.43 19.2 53.4 21.7 24.7 University staff who visited high school 291 3.42 39.0 52.0 23.7 24.3 Articles about school in newspapers/magazines 290 3.20 39.0 43.7 26.1 30.1 Princeton Review College Ratings 287 3.14 41.8 41.9 24.8 33.3 U.S. News & World Report Guide to Best American Colleges 289 3.04 47.9 39.6 25.5 34.9 High school coaches 288 2.85 50.7 35.7 21.4 42.8 Facebook 288 2.64 46.2 28.7 20.3 51.0 Print ads (newspapers/magazines) 290 2.60 58.2 23.4 30.0 46.6 Online ads 288 2.44 51.7 26.3 20.4 53.3 MySpace 288 2.16 69.2 12.9 22.1 65.1 Blog postings 289 2.13 67.5 16.3 13.0 70.7 Television ads 289 2.06 70.9 11.0 22.0 67.1 Radio ads 286 2.03 74.0 11.4 15.7 72.9 Videos posted on YouTube 288 1.98 70.2 8.4 22.9 68.7 Billboard/bus/outdoor ads 287 1.89 67.1 12.1 9.9 78.0 Stanton Notes: 1. You should report the number of people (N) who answered the ques tion. 2. You should report the mean rating for each question. 3. If there is a Don’t Know/Does Not Apply type category, you should include the % who selected this category. 4. You will report the scale using Top Box (highest 2 categories in the scale – ratings of 4 and 5), Neutral (3 on a 5 point scale), and Bottom Box (lowest 2 categories in the scale – ratings of 1 and 2). You should use the Valid Percent in creating the Top, Neutral and Bottom box categories – you will need to add these – be sure to include the decimal place SPSS provides when computing these – do not round. a. If one of the boxes you computed was NOT selected by any of the respondents (this is quite unlikely), you should include it with 0.0% for the Valid Percent. 5. If you have multiple items, order the attributes/items evaluated based on the mean rating in descending order (highest mean to lowest mean). 6. If 10% or more of the respondents did NOT answer a