9.00 FINAL EXAM YOUR NAME_____________________ INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY 9.00 Introduction to Psychology The Lothlorien Final 17 December 2001 365 total points Since the first of the Lord of the Rings films will open on Wednesday, it seemed only proper to use the first volume of the trilogy, "The Fellowship of the Ring" as the cover story. PLEASE NOTE: As on the midterm, the story is just the story, not the content of this exam. If you think that the story is confusing you, please ask and I will explain the meaning of any question. We are not trying to be tricky. Write your answers on the exam. Use the back of pages if needed. Good luck. SCORE p1 ____ of 20 p2 ____ of 25 p3 ____ of 30 p4 ____ of 25 p5 ____ of 25 p6 ____ of 20 p7 ____ of 25 p8 ____ of 30 p9 ____ of 40 p10____ of 20 p11____ of 25 p12____ of 35 p13____ of 20 p14____ of 25 TOTAL Rather than start at the beginning (since I have used the book before), I am using the Lothlorien chapters as the basis for the exam. If you are not a Tolkien expert, these a Hobbit named Frodo (little guy...lots of hair) has come into possession of The Ring. Bad thing. It has to be destroyed. This requires a quest and, eventually, a Fellowship led by Gandalf the wizard sets out. When we take up the tale, things are not good. Gandalf has just fallen into a bottomless crevice while fighting a Balrog (don't ask). The group is depressed. Boromir suggests that they all take some Prozac. He has some in his backpack. 1. (5 pts) Prozac is a serotonin re-uptake inhibitor. That's nice. What is serotonin? a. neurotransmitter b. a hormone secreted by the adrenal glands c. a technical term for obsessively negative thoughts d. a nucleus of the limbic system e. an excellent mithril cleaner 2. (5pts) What does re-uptake mean here? 3. (10) Why might a "serotonin re-uptake inhibitor" work as an anti-depressant? 17 December 2000 page 1 of 149.00 FINAL EXAM YOUR NAME_____________________ INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY 4. (10) Is this good advice? Assuming that this is a real anti-depressant, would you suggest that the Fellowship take Prozac at this point for this reason? Why or why not? NOTE: You can argue either 'yes' or 'no' and still receive full credit as long as you have reasons for your argument. Be specific and convincing. 5. (10) Aragorn, now the leader of the group, declares that the Fellowship will head for the land of Lothlorien and so they head off following a river downstream. Frodo (He is a hobbit - the one carrying The Ring) thinks he hears someone following them. In fact, they are being followed by a creepy guy named "Gollum". Gollum used to have the ring and it made him mentally ill. He talks to himself. In fact, sometimes he seems to argue with himself as though there was a good Gollum and a bad one. He is obsessed with The Ring. He thinks that everyone is out to get him. He laughs and cackles at weird times. He avoids the light. Tolkien wrote a great story, but he did not write a clear psychiatric portrait. It would be tough to diagnose Gollum's problem but let's think about it. Frodo thinks Gollum is schizophrenic. Sam, Frodo's friend/servant thinks Gollum suffers from some form of multiple personality disorder (MPD). Mark each of these as true or false _____ If Frodo is right, Sam is right because Schizophrenia is another term for MPD. They both refer to the same sort of "split personality". _____ Freud didn't believe in schizophrenia because he rejected the idea of dissociation. _____ Before they realized that the side-effects were too severe, doctors sometimes prescribed bilateral lesions of the hippocampus as treatment of last resort for schizophrenia. _____ In spite of some early promise, drugs like thorazine (the so-called classical anti-psychotics) do not reduce the major positive symptoms of schizophrenia (812) _____ Current consensus in psychology is that there is no hereditary predisposition for schizophrenia (775). If there is a biological cause, it is an agent like a virus or prion. 6. (5) Whatever Gollum's problem is, his presence is making Frodo anxious. Since no one has actually seen Gollum yet, the others think that Frodo is anxious for psychological reasons. Gimli (the dwarf) is a Freudian and holds that anxiety of this sort is a defense mechanism. Fill in the blanks. In Freud's theory, anxiety is a defense of the _____________ against the attacks of the _____________. Choose your answers from: unconscious, oral, anal, phallic, id, ego, superego. 17 December 2000 page 2 of 149.00 FINAL EXAM YOUR NAME_____________________ INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY 7. (10) Please explain what that means. Be sure your answer reveals an understanding of Freudian theory. 8. (5) After a day's walk, they reach the borders of Lothlorien. Lothlorien is a land of the elves. (As an aside, Tolkien's elves are not like Santa's elves. They are human-sized, better looking, longer-lived, wiser, etc....Tolkien really likes his elves). They are stopped at the border. The elves are willing to let everyone pass except Gimli, the dwarf. In general, the elves do not like the dwarves. One problem is the elves think that dwarves are stupid. As evidence, they note that, as a group, dwarves score 10-15 points below elves on the Middle Earth Aptitude Test (the well-known MEAT). Gimli argues that MEAT scores are "reliable" or "valid" (630-631). In the technical jargon of Psychology, what does it mean to say a test is reliable? a. Reliability is a measure of the ability of a test to predict future behavior. b. Reliability is the degree of consistency with which a test measures something. c. If a test is perfectly "reliable", a test taker would get the same score each time the test was given. d. Reliability refers to the degree to which a test is grounded in accepted theory. e. a & c, f) a & d, g) b & c h) all of the above 9. (5) In the technical jargon of Psychology, what does it mean to say a test is "valid"? a. Validity is the extent to which a test measures what it is supposed to measure (height, intelligence, whatever). b. A valid test is one that is not biased against any group. c. A valid test measures the innate contributions to a behavior rather than the environmental effects. d. A valid test must produce a positive correlation between the score and the trait being measured. e. All of the above. f. A valid test must not serve the Dark Lord, Sauron. 10.