The Far West and Territorial CrisisI. Geopolitics and the expansion of American powerA. OregonB. TejasSlide 5C. Mexican-American War, 1846-1848Slide 7II. Territorial Crisis and Coming of the Civil WarA. Questions remainingB. Compromise of 1850Slide 11III. Things Fall ApartA. Popular SovereigntySlide 14B. “Bleeding Kansas”C. Dred Scott Case, 1857Slide 17Slide 18D. 1860E. Southern RadicalsSlide 21F. Presidential responseThe Far West and Territorial CrisisI. Geopolitics and the expansion of American powerOregonTexasMexican- American WarA. Oregon1. American – British control2. Midwestern & Yankeesettlers3. “54’40 or fight!”B. Tejas1. 1821 – Mexican Independence Moses Austin Stephen F. Austin 2. Tejanos & tension Alamo, 18363. Republic of Texas (1836)- struggle for admission (1845)4. Disputed boundariesC. Mexican-American War, 1846-18481. James K. Polk - politics of expansion 2. Plan backfires Henry David Thoreau Civil Disobedience3. Wilmot Proviso, 1846- breakdown of national party system- southern Dems & Whigs unite - northern Whigs & Dems lose credibility- 1848, Free Soil PartyII. Territorial Crisis and Coming of the Civil WarA. Questions remaining1. California Gold Rush2. Slavery in D.C. 3. Fugitive Slave ActB. Compromise of 18501. California admitted as free state2. Popular Sovereignty in other territories3. Slave trade abolished in D.C.4. Fugitive Slave Act of 1850The Republic is saved……not quiteLeft open the possibility that slavery could or could not expandReopened “constitutionality” of slaveryFugitive Slave Act wildly unpopular in NorthIII. Things Fall ApartA. Popular Sovereignty1. Stephen Douglas2. Kansas-Nebraska Act, 1854 - violation of MO Compromise3. Race to settle PlainsB. “Bleeding Kansas”1. 1855, Lecompton Constitution2. Open warfareSack of Lawrence, 1856Pottawatomie Creek Massacre, 1856Violation of Popular SovereigntyC. Dred Scott Case, 1857 Dred Scott Roger Taney1. Constitution protected slavery everywhereSouth:Any further opposition to spread of slavery was a threat to Constitutional rights of SouthernersNorth:Texas, Mexico, Compromise of 1850, Kansas-Nebraska, Dred Scott… …victory of the Slave Power Conspiracy1854 – (modern) Republican Partycoalition formed in opposition to (spread of) slaveryFree Soilers, Free Labor Ideologyprogressives, northern Whigs, industrialistsAbolitionists1 region – 1 unifying issueD. 1860 1. 4 candidates, one result(Lincoln, Douglas, Bell, Breckinridge)2. Pro-slave faction permanent minorityE. Southern Radicals 1. Deep South revolt-Dec. 20, 1860 – South Carolina Convention-followed by MS, AL, GA, LA, TX by February-Montgomery Convention, Feb. 1861 Confederate States of America2. Confederate Constitution strong states’ rights no abolition of slavery Jefferson DavisF. Presidential response1. “Lame Duck” Buchanan 2. Abraham Lincoln3. April 1861, Ft.