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UT Arlington EE 5359 - H.264 Intraframe coding, JPEG, JPEG-LS, JPEG-2000, JPEG-XR and AVS

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EE 5359 FALL 2010MULTIMEDIA PROCESSINGPROJECT REPORTPerformance Analysis and Comparison of H.264 Intraframecoding, JPEG, JPEG-LS, JPEG-2000, JPEG-XR and AVSChina Intraframe INSTRUCTOR: DR. K. R. RAOShreyanka SubbarayappaDepartment of Electrical EngineeringUniversity of Texas at ArlingtonEmail: [email protected] 1List of acronymsAIC advanced image codingAVC advanced video codingAVS audio video standardBMP bit map formatCABAC context adaptive binary arithmetic codingDCT discrete cosine transformDWT discrete wavelet transformEBCOT embedded block coding with optimized truncationEZW embedded zero-tree wavelet coding FRExt fidelity range extensionsHD-photo high-definition photo I-frame intra frameIP intra predictionJM joint modelJPEG joint photographic experts groupJPEG-LS joint photographic experts group lossless codingJPEG-XR joint photographic experts group extended rangeLBT lapped bi-orthogonal transformMSE mean square errorPGM portable graymapPPM portable pixel mapPSNR peak signal to noise ratioSSIM structural similarity index metricVLC variable length codingPage 2LIST OF FIGURESFigure1: Different prediction modes used for prediction in AIC and H.2642: The specific coding parts of the profiles in H.2643: Basic coding structure for H.264/AVC for a macroblock4: Block diagram for CABAC5(a): Zig-zag scan 5(b): Scan line order6(a): Block diagram of JPEG encoder 6(b): Block diagram of JPEG decoder7: Structure of JPEG 2000 codec. The structure of the (a) encoder (b) decoder8: Tiling, DC level shifting, color transformation, DWT of each image component9: JPEG-LS block diagram10: Test sequences used11: Structural similarity (SSIM) measurement system12: Original and output decoded imagesLIST OF TABLESTable1: Different parts of AVS2: Different test sequences usedPage 3Performance Analysis and Comparison of H.264 Intraframecoding, JPEG, JPEG-LS, JPEG-2000, JPEG-XR and AVSChina IntraframeAbtract: It is proposed to implement the H.264 intraframe coding using JM software [11]and compare the results with other image compression techniques like JPEG, JPEG2000,JPEG-LS, JPEG-XR and AVS China Part7. Coding simulations will be performed onvarious sets of test images. Experimental results are to be measured in terms of bit-rate,quality- PSNR, SSIM etc. This project considers only main and (FRExt) high profiles inH.264/AVC I-frame coding, JPEG using baseline profile, JPEG 2000 in non-scalable, butoptimal mode and AVS China part 7.Introduction: H.264 technology aims to provide good video quality at considerably low bitrates, at reasonable level of complexity while providing flexibility to wide range ofapplications [2]. Coding efficiency is further improved in fidelity range extensions(FRExt) using 8x8 integer transform and works well for more complex visual content.JPEG [5] is first still image compression standard which uses 8x8 block based DCTdecomposition, while JPEG 2000 is a wavelet-based compression standard which hasimproved coding performance over JPEG with additional features like scalability andlossless coding capability has best performance with smooth spatial data [4]. JPEGperforms well in low complexity applications whereas JPEG 2000 works well in highcomplexity, lower bit-rate applications. JPEG2000 has rate-distortion advantage overJPEG. Microsoft HD photo [10] is a new still-image compression algorithm forcontinuous-tone photographic images which maintains highest image quality or deliversthe most optimal performance. JPEG-XR [10] (extended range), a standard for HD-photohas high dynamic-range image coding and performance as the most desirable feature. Itsperformance is close to JPEG2000 with computational and memory requirement close toJPEG. With half the file size of JPEG, HD photo delivers lossy compressed image withbetter perceptual quality than JPEG and lossless compressed image at 2.5 times smallerthan the original image. JPEG-LS [30] (lossless) is an ISO/ITU-T standard for losslesscoding of still images. In addition, it also provides support for "near-lossless"compression. The main goal of JPEG-LS has been to deliver a low complexity solutionfor lossless image coding with the best possible compression efficiency. JPEG usesHuffman coding, H.264/AVC and AIC systems adopts CABAC encoding technique, andHD photo uses reversible integer-integer-mapping lapped bi-orthogonal transform [7].LOCO-I (low complexity lossless compression for images), an algorithm for JPEG-LSuses adaptive prediction, context modeling and Golomb coding [3]. It supports nearlossless compression by allowing a fixed maximum sample error. Transcoding convertsH.263 compression format to that of H.264 and viceversa. Although the above mentioned compression techniques are developed fordifferent signals, they work well for still image compression and hence worthwhile forcomparison. Different softwares like JM software for H.264 [11], JPEG referencesoftware [7] for JPEG, JasPer [8] for JPEG2000, HD-photo reference software [10],JPEG-LS reference software [9] and AVS Part7 software [28] are used for comparisonPage 4between different codecs. The evaluation is carried out using bit rates, different qualityassessment metrics like PSNR, SSIM [23] and complexity.H.264 standard:H.264 or MPEG-4 part 10 aims at coding video sequences at approximately half the bitrate compared to MPEG-2 at the same quality. It also aims at having significantimprovements in coding efficiency using CABAC entropy coder, error robustness andnetwork friendliness. Parameter set concept, arbitrary slice ordering, flexible macroblockstructure, redundant pictures, switched predictive and switched intra pictures havecontributed to error resilience / robustness of this standard. Adaptive (directional) intraprediction (Fig.1) is one of the factors which contributed to the high coding efficiency ofthis standard [2].Different modes used for block prediction are shown in Fig.1. Mode 0: Vertical Mode 1: Horizontal Mode 2: DC Mode 3: Diagonal Down-Left Mode 4: Diagonal Down-RightPage 5Mode 5: Vertical-Right Mode 6: Horizontal-DownMode 7:


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UT Arlington EE 5359 - H.264 Intraframe coding, JPEG, JPEG-LS, JPEG-2000, JPEG-XR and AVS

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