DOC PREVIEW
GAVILAN BIO 7 - Nervous System
School name Gavilan College
Pages 39

This preview shows page 1-2-3-18-19-37-38-39 out of 39 pages.

Save
View full document
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 39 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 39 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 39 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 39 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 39 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 39 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 39 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 39 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 39 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience

Unformatted text preview:

1Chapter 9- Nervous System Lecture Nerves, Neurons and Neuroglia CNS and PNS Function of the Nervous System Supporting Cells (Neuroglial Cells) Neuron Structure Classification of Neurons Membrane Potential Nerve Impulse Synapse All or None and processing of Info Types of Nerves  Nerve Pathways Meninges Spinal Cord Brain Brain Stem9.1 Objective- Describe the function of the two major classes of cells (Neurons and neuroglial) in the nervous system.  Also be able to describe the function of the two major groups of the Nervous system (CNS and PNS).Introduction:A. The nervous system is composed of neuronsand neuroglia.1. Neurons transmit nerve impulses along nerve fibers to other neurons.2. Nervesare made up of bundles of nerve fibers.3. Neuroglia carry out a variety of functions to aid and protect components of the nervous system.Copyright©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.Neuron TwoNeuron One2B. Organs of the nervous system can be divided into the central nervous system (CNS), made up of the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS), made up of peripheral nerves that connect the CNS to the rest of the body.C. The nervous system provides sensory, integrative, and motor functions to the body.Copyright©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.Do now-What are the two major types of cells that form nervous tissue?What are the two major subdivisions of the nervous system?9.2 Objective- Describe the general sensory, integrative and motor pathway of the nervous system. Understand the Central Nervous System (CNS) is integrative and the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) are sensory pathways and motor pathways that send signals to the CNS.CNSPNSSNS ANSGeneral Functions of the Nervous SystemA. Sensory receptors at the ends of peripheral nerves gather information and convert it into nerve impulses.B. When sensory impulses are integrated in the brain as perceptions, this is the integrative function of the nervous system.C. Conscious or subconscious decisions follow, leading to motor functions via effectors.Copyright©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.3The Motor function of the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)1. Motor functionscan be divided into the consciously controlled somatic nervoussystem (SNS) and the unconscious autonomic nervous system (ANS).Copyright©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.9.3 Objective- Describe the function of the CNS and neuroglial cells. Distinguish amoung the types of neuroglialcells in the central nervous system. Also describe the Schwann cells in the PNS.Supporting cellsA. Classification of Neuroglial Cells 1. Neuroglial cells fill spaces, support neurons, provide structural frameworks, produce myelin, and carry on phagocytosis. Four are in the CNS and the last in the PNS.2. Microglialcells are small cells that phagocytize bacterial cells and cellular debris.Copyright©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Copyright©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.43. Oligodendrocytes form myelin in the brain and spinal cord.4. Astrocytesare near blood vessels and support structures, aid in metabolism, and respond to brain injury by filling in spaces.Copyright©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.5. Ependyma cover the inside of ventricles and form choroid plexuses within the ventricles.6. Schwanncells are the myelin-producing neuroglia of the peripheral nervous system.Copyright©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.59.4 Objective- Describe the general structure of a neuron- This (for the most part) should be REVIEW! Neuron StructureA. A neuron has a cell body (soma) with mitochondria, lysosomes, a Golgiapparatus, chromatophilic substance (Nissl bodies) containing rough endoplasmic reticulum, and neurofibrils.Copyright©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.Copyright©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.B. Nerve fibers (neuron cells) include a solitary axon and numerous dendrites.1. Branching dendrites carry impulses from other neurons (or from receptors) toward the cell body.2. The axon transmits the impulse away from the axonal hillock of the cell body and may give off side branches.Copyright©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.63. Larger axons are enclosed by sheaths of myelin provided by Schwann cellsand are myelinated fibers.a. The outer layer of myelinis surrounded by a neurilemma(neurilemmalsheath) made up of the cytoplasm and nuclei of the Schwann cell.b. Narrow gaps in the myelin sheath between Schwanncells are called nodes of Ranvier. Copyright©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Copyright©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.Node of RanvierMyelinSchwannCell4. The smallest axons lack a myelin sheath and are unmyelinatedfibers.5. White matterin the CNS is due to myelin sheaths in this area.6. Unmyelinated nerve tissue in the CNS appears gray.Copyright©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.7. Peripheral neurons are able to regenerate because of the neurilemma but the CNS axons are myelinated by oligodendrocytes thus lacking neurilemma and usually do not regenerate.Copyright©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.7Classification of NeuronsA. Neurons can be grouped in two ways: on the basis of structural differences (bipolar, unipolar, and multipolarneurons), and by functional differences (sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons).Copyright©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Copyright©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.B. Classification of Neurons 1. Bipolar neurons are found in the eyes, nose, and ears, and have a single axon and a single dendrite extending from opposite sides of the cell body.2. Unipolar neurons are found in ganglia outside the CNS and have an axon and a dendrite arising from a single short fiber


View Full Document

GAVILAN BIO 7 - Nervous System

Download Nervous System
Our administrator received your request to download this document. We will send you the file to your email shortly.
Loading Unlocking...
Login

Join to view Nervous System and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or
We will never post anything without your permission.
Don't have an account?
Sign Up

Join to view Nervous System 2 2 and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or

By creating an account you agree to our Privacy Policy and Terms Of Use

Already a member?