Electric Fields and MatterRead: Chapter 15The Net Charge of an object is the sum of all the charges of itsconstituent particles.The statement of Conservation of Charge says that the netcharge of a system plus its surroundings cannot change.Question: If a Helium atom is struck by a photon and an electronis ejected,γ + He −→ He++ e−,is charge conservation violated? Why or why not?Electric Fields and MatterRead: Chapter 15The Net Charge of an object is the s um of all the charges of itsconstituent particles.The statement of Conservation of Charge says that the netcharge of a system plus its surroundings cannot change.Question: If a Helium atom is struck by a photon and an electronis ejected,γ + He −→ He++ e−,is charge conservation violated? Why or why not?Electric Fields and MatterRead: Chapter 15The Net Charge of an object is the s um of all the charges of itsconstituent particles.The statement of Conservation of Charge says that the netcharge of a system plus its surroundings cannot change.Question: If a Helium atom is struck by a photon and an electronis ejected,γ + He −→ He++ e−,is charge conservation violated? Why or why not?Electric Fields and MatterAn insulator is a material in which all charges are bound andtherefore free to move only very short distances (on the scale of anatomic diameter).A conductor is a material in which some of the c harged particlesare free to move throughout the material, but are still boundwithin the material as a whole.An insulator may become charged through transfer of chargedparticles, either ions or electrons — protons are not transferred.Since charges in insulators are tightly bound, only surface chargescan be transferred.Question: Why are protons not transferred?Electric Fields and MatterAn insulator is a material in which all charges are bound andtherefore free to move only very short distances (on the scale of anatomic diameter).A conductor is a material in which some of the c harged particlesare free to move throughout the material, but are still boundwithin the material as a whole.An insulator may become charged through transfer of chargedparticles, either ions or electrons — protons are not transferred.Since charges in insulators are tightly bound, only surface chargescan be transferred.Question: Why are protons not transferred?Electric Fields and MatterAn insulator is a material in which all charges are bound andtherefore free to move only very short distances (on the scale of anatomic diameter).A conductor is a material in which some of the c harged particlesare free to move throughout the material, but are still boundwithin the material as a whole.An insulator may become charged through transfer of chargedparticles, either ions or electrons — protons are not transferred.Since charges in insulators are tightly bound, only surface chargescan be transferred.Question: Why are protons not transferred?Electric Fields and MatterAn insulator is a material in which all charges are bound andtherefore free to move only very short distances (on the scale of anatomic diameter).A conductor is a material in which some of the c harged particlesare free to move throughout the material, but are still boundwithin the material as a whole.An insulator may become charged through transfer of chargedparticles, either ions or electrons — protons are not transferred.Since charges in insulators are tightly bound, only surface chargescan be transferred.Question: Why are protons not transferred?Electric Fields and MatterPolarizationCharged objec ts are attracted or repelled by other charged objects,but they are also attracted to electrically neutral objects. This ispossible because of a process known as polarization.The polarization of an electrically neutral object describes theseparation of the positive and negative centers of charge due to theinfluence of an external electric field.~Eext= 0−~Eext= E ˆx+xsNote that a polarized neutral atom becomes an induced dipole withdipole moment~p = Z~s where Z is the number of protons.Electric Fields and MatterPolarizationCharged objec ts are attracted or repelled by other charged objects,but they are also attracted to electrically neutral objects. This ispossible because of a process known as polarization.The polarization of an electrically neutral object describes theseparation of the positive and negative centers of charge due to theinfluence of an external electric field.~Eext= 0−~Eext= E ˆx+xsNote that a polarized neutral atom becomes an induced dipole withdipole moment~p = Z~s where Z is the number of protons.Electric Fields and MatterPolarizationCharged objec ts are attracted or repelled by other charged objects,but they are also attracted to electrically neutral objects. This ispossible because of a process known as polarization.The polarization of an electrically neutral object describes theseparation of the positive and negative centers of charge due to theinfluence of an external electric field.~Eext= 0−~Eext= E ˆx+xsNote that a polarized neutral atom becomes an induced dipole withdipole moment~p = Z~s where Z is the number of protons.Electric Fields and MatterPolarizationThe polarizability α for materials is an experimentally determinedquantity that relates the polarization of the material to the appliedexternal field:~p = α~Eext.Now we turn our attention to describing the process of polarizationmathematically by investigating the effect of a point charge on aneutral atom.~E1+q1rFigure: The instantaneous moment before polarizationElectric Fields and MatterPolarizationThe polarizability α for materials is an experimentally determinedquantity that relates the polarization of the material to the appliedexternal field:~p = α~Eext.Now we turn our attention to describing the process of polarizationmathematically by investigating the effect of a point charge on aneutral atom.~E1+q1rFigure: The instantaneous moment before polarizationElectric Fields and MatterPolarizationThe polarizability α for materials is an experimentally determinedquantity that relates the polarization of the material to the appliedexternal field:~p = α~Eext.Now we turn our attention to describing the process of polarizationmathematically by investigating the effect of a point charge on aneutral atom.~E1+q1rFigure: The instantaneous moment before polarizationElectric Fields and MatterPolarization~E1~E2+q1r-q2+q2sFigure: The instantaneous moment after polarizationQuestion: Will p olarization ever result