ECE 353 Introduction to Microprocessor Systems Spring 2008 (Schulte) 1 HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENT #1 Due Wednesday, February 6th, 2008 Be sure to put your homework team number and all members’ names on the first page of your homework submission. 1. (10 points) Embedded vs. General-Purpose Systems A. List three ways in which embedded computer systems typically differ from general-purpose computer systems. B. List and define the five main types of components in a basic microprocessor system. Give an example of each type of component. 2. (10 points) Memory Sizing In following problems and throughout the class B denotes bytes and b denotes bits. A. For 32-bit wide memories of sizes 8kB, 16MB, 2GB, and 4TB, what is the number of memory locations and the range of addresses for each device, expressed in hexadecimal. Assume each 32-bit location has its own address. How many address bits does each device require? B. For each of the below memory structures, express the memory size in bytes using the appropriate prefix (K, M, G, etc). a. 16384 x 24b b. 2097152 x 32b c. 16777216 x 16b d. 17179869184 x 4b 3. (10 points) Memory Map A microprocessor generates 32-bit memory addresses. Draw a byte-wide memory map of its address space with boundaries specified in hexadecimal. A 64MB ROM is located in the memory address space starting at the lowest possible address. A 16KB block of memory mapped I/O is located at base address 0x80000000. A 256MB RAM is located at the highest memory addresses. Show all of these devices in the memory map with their boundaries labeled in hexadecimal. How large is the total memory space? 4. (10 points) Memory Construction Use SN74LVTH574 and SN74LVC1G139 devices to create a 4 x 16b SRAM. Obtain datasheets for them from Texas Instruments, Inc. Your circuit should have the following external connections; A1:0, D15:0, Q15:0, /WR, /RD. You may draw the schematic by hand (neatly), or use one of the many CAD programs available. Use the minimum number of devices and additional gates to complete the circuit.ECE 353 Introduction to Microprocessor Systems Spring 2008 (Schulte) 2 5. (15 points) Memory Operation A. For the circuit you designed in #4 above, draw the waveforms (/WR, /RD, Ax, Dx) that would be required to perform the following sequence of operations. Also show Qx. Assume 3.3V operation. 1) write the value 0x0F80 into the register at address 3 2) read the value in the register at address 3 3) write the value 0x12A5 into the register at address 2 4) read the value in the register at address 2 Ensure that any expected or required signal delays are made obvious on your diagram. Annotate your drawing to clearly indicate what is happening. B. In your memory system, which signals are active-low and which are active high? 6. (15 points) Flags Register Microprocessors typically have a flags register (also commonly called a condition codes register or processor status register) where certain information about recent operations is stored. Common information includes whether there was an arithmetic overflow (for unsigned and signed operation), if the result was negative, and if the result was zero. In the ARM, these correspond to the CPSR register’s C (unsigned overflow), V (2’s-complement overflow), N (negative), and Z (zero) bits.) Assume that a microprocessor’s ALU has an 8-bit adder as shown below. A. Draw logic to show how the four ARM flag bits can be efficiently generated. B. Explain how arithmetic overflow is detected for unsigned and signed operations, with examples. 7. (10 points) Memory Endian-ness The value 678,922,51210 is to be stored in memory as a 32-bit value at address 0x0007 0400. Using small segments of a byte-wide memory map, show how it will be stored into memory in both a little-endian and big-endian system.ECE 353 Introduction to Microprocessor Systems Spring 2008 (Schulte) 3 8. (10 points) ARM Microprocessors A. How many general purpose registers does the ARM7TDMI have? Which (if any) of the general purpose registers have special functions? B. Describe the ARM microprocessor in terms of instruction set architecture, register architecture, and memory architecture. (These terms are referenced in the week 2 slides 6-8.) 9. (10 points) Quiz Question Development Design one original quiz question operating at Bloom’s Taxonomy level 3 for any material covered in Module 1. This must test one of the module objectives in a specific problem. Explicitly state which particular objective you are attempting to test. Provide a complete and detailed solution to your