66.239.137.35http://66.239.137.35/ELC_USRM10.pdfTable_of_contents.pdfTable_of_contents.pdfForewordUrban Subwatershed Restoration Manual SeriesUnified StreamUnified StreamUnified StreamUnified StreamUnified StreamAssessment:Assessment:Assessment:Assessment:Assessment:A UserA UserA UserA UserA User’s’s’s’s’sManualManualManualManualManual1111111111March 2004March 2004March 2004March 2004March 200410Manual 10Manual 10Manual 10Manual 10Manual 10Version 1.0Photo AcknowledgmentsTable 10: R. Frymire (vegetation at outfall)Table 10: DEM, Fort Worth, TX (suds in pool; outfall staining)Figure 25: Friends of Sligo Creek (invasive plant removal)Figure 25: South River Federation (buffer planting)Figure 26: DEM, Forth Worth, TX (sewer overflow)Table 18: Clemson University (manhole examination)Table 18: US EPA (manhole stack deterioration; debris jams)Table 18: Restonpath.com (manhole in wetland)Figure 27: Mecklenburg County, NC (sewer line repair)Figure 27: Friends of Sligo Creek (fish barrier)Figure 28: Ft. Worth DEP, TX (sewer overflow)Figure 29/30: Friends of Sligo Creek (trash pickup)Figure 31: City of Austin, TX (no dumping sign)Table 21: Ellicott City VIEW (staff in culvert)Table 27: Mark Sommerfield (algae on rock)Urban Subwatershed Restoration Manual No.10Unified Stream Assessment:A User’s ManualPrepared by:Anne Kitchell and Tom SchuelerCenter for Watershed Protection8390 Main Street, 2nd FloorEllicott City, MD 21043www.cwp.orgwww.stormwatercenter.netPrepared for:Office of Water ManagementU.S. Environmental Protection AgencyWashington, D.C.March 2004Copyright ©2004 by the Center for Watershed Protection.Material may be quoted provided credit is given.Printed in the United States of America on recycled paper.Version 1.0Urban Subwatershed Restoration Manual 10 iForewordFFFFForewordorewordorewordorewordorewordThis manual distills two decades of experienceevaluating the restoration potential of urbanstream corridors during dozens of rapid streamassessments. We have attempted to assembleour basic assessment approach into a singlepackage, known as the Unified StreamAssessment (USA). Over the past two years,Center staff have continuously sought to refine,test and expand this assessment technique inour watershed practice, and it has undergone atleast four major revisions. We expect that itwill be further adjusted over time; therefore,we refer to this manual as Version 1.0, andhope to update it based on user feedback astime and resources permit. So, please e-mailany comments or feedback to us [email protected] would like to acknowledge the MarylandDepartment of Natural Resources teams that,under Ken Yetman, developed and tested theStream Corridor Assessment Method as part ofthe state’s Watershed Restoration ActionStrategy program. The USA builds heavilyupon this method and its associated databaseprovided by the DNR.Thanks also to our external reviewers, whoincluded participants at our inauguralWatershed Restoration Institute as well as localwatershed organizations, such as the GwynnsFalls Watershed Association, Jones FallsWatershed Association, South River Federationand others. Special thanks to the ChesapeakeBay Trust, Baltimore County Department ofEnvironmental Protection and ResourceManagement, and the National Fish andWildlife Foundation for providing communitywatershed grants that allowed us to keep ontesting this method in a variety of urbanwatershed conditions.The basic Center staff team that contributed tothe development of the USA includes TedBrown, Ken Brown, Karen Cappiella, AnneKitchell, Chris Swann, Tom Schueler,Stephanie Sprinkle, Paul Sturm, TiffanyWright, and Jennifer Zielinski. Special thanksto Tiffany Wright and Heather Holland fortheir assistance in editing, proofing andproducing this manual, and to Jessica Brooksfor developing the accompanying Accessdatabase.This manual was produced under a cooperativeagreement with US EPA Office of Water CP-82981501. Thanks are extended to our EPAproject officer, Robert Goo, for his patience,insights and flexibility during the two years ittook to produce this manual series.Sincerely,Anne KitchellCenter for Watershed ProtectionUrban Subwatershed Restoration Manual 10iiForewordUrban Subwatershed Restoration Manual 10 iiiForewordThis is the tenth in a series of 11 manuals ontechniques to restore small urban watersheds.The entire series of manuals was written by theCenter for Watershed Protection to organizethe enormous amount of information needed torestore small urban watersheds into a formatthat can easily be accessed by watershedgroups, municipal staff, environmentalconsultants and other users. The contents of themanuals are organized as follows.Manual 1: An IntegratedManual 1: An IntegratedManual 1: An IntegratedManual 1: An IntegratedManual 1: An IntegratedFFFFFramework to Rramework to Rramework to Rramework to Rramework to Restore Smallestore Smallestore Smallestore Smallestore SmallUrban WUrban WUrban WUrban WUrban WatershedsatershedsatershedsatershedsatershedsThe first manual introduces the basic conceptsand techniques of urban watershed restoration,and sets forth the overall framework we use toevaluate subwatershed restoration potential.The manual emphasizes how pastsubwatershed alterations must be understood inorder to set realistic expectations for futurerestoration. Toward this end, the manualpresents a simple subwatershed classificationsystem to define expected stream impacts andrestoration potential. Next, the manual definesseven broad groups of restoration practices,and describes where to look in thesubwatershed to implement them. The manualconcludes by presenting a condensed summaryof a planning approach to craft effectivesubwatershed restoration plans.Manual 2: Methods to DevelopManual 2: Methods to DevelopManual 2: Methods to DevelopManual 2: Methods to DevelopManual 2: Methods to DevelopRRRRRestoration Plans for Smallestoration Plans for Smallestoration Plans for Smallestoration Plans for Smallestoration Plans for SmallUrban WUrban WUrban WUrban WUrban WatershedsatershedsatershedsatershedsatershedsThe second manual contains detailed guidanceon how to put together an effective plan torestore urban subwatersheds. The manualoutlines a practical, step-by-step approach todevelop, adopt and implement a subwatershedplan in your community. Within each step, themanual presents a variety of desktop analysis,field assessment, and stakeholder involvementmethods used to make critical restorationmanagement