BIOL 2304/ 2101 Human Anatomy Chapter 6 - Bones and Bone TissueOrganization of skeletal system: bones joints ( = cartilage + ligaments)Bone tissue as a kind of connective tissue:1. ground substance2. fibers3. cellsMajor Functions of skeletal system:1.2.3.4.5. Elizbeth Maxim & Anikó Szabó Hill 1 of 7BIOL 2304/ 2101 Human Anatomy Chapter 6 - Bones and Bone TissueClassification of Bones:a. Based on Formation1.2.b. Based on Shape: longshortflat irregularElizbeth Maxim & Anikó Szabó Hill 2 of 7BIOL 2304/ 2101 Human Anatomy Chapter 6 - Bones and Bone TissueMacroscopic Structure of a Long bonediaphysisepiphysesperiosteumarticular cartilageepiphyseal linemedullary cavityendosteumMacroscopic & Microscopic Structure of a Flat boneElizbeth Maxim & Anikó Szabó Hill 3 of 7BIOL 2304/ 2101 Human Anatomy Chapter 6 - Bones and Bone TissueMicroscopic Anatomy of Bone Tissue1. Compact BoneosteonosteocytelacunaelamellaeHaversian canalcanaliculiVolkmann's canal2. Spongy BonetrabeculaeElizbeth Maxim & Anikó Szabó Hill 4 of 7BIOL 2304/ 2101 Human Anatomy Chapter 6 - Bones and Bone TissueTypes of Bone CellsosteoblastsosteocytesosteoclastsBone Formation and RemodelingA. Intramembranous ossificationB. Endochondrial Ossification = osteogenesisStep 1Step 2Step 3Elizbeth Maxim & Anikó Szabó Hill 5 of 7BIOL 2304/ 2101 Human Anatomy Chapter 6 - Bones and Bone TissueEffect of hormones on bone growth:growth hormonesex hormonesC. Bone Remodeling Bone remodeling occurs continually in response to:I. Ca+2 levels in the blood1.2. 2) Stress on bones from gravity and musclesElizbeth Maxim & Anikó Szabó Hill 6 of 7BIOL 2304/ 2101 Human Anatomy Chapter 6 - Bones and Bone TissueComposition of bonesI. Organic1. cells2. osteoid =II. InorganicElizbeth Maxim & Anikó Szabó Hill 7 of
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