Unified Modeling Language OverviewWhat is UML?UML Diagram TypesActorsUse CasesUse Case DiagramUse Case RealizationsClass DiagramClass DiagramsSlide 10Slide 11ConventionAssociationsConnectorsMultiplicitiesUML Class DiagramClassAssociationGeneralizationAggregationAggregation GuidelinesObjects and InheritanceClassifierAdvanced Class FeaturesAbstract and Concrete Classes and OperationsTemplate IconState Transition DiagramSequence DiagramCollaboration DiagramThe Physical WorldComponent DiagramDeploying the SystemDeployment Diagram1Unified Modeling LanguageOverview2What is UML?•The Unified Modelling Language is a standard notation to model [object oriented] systems. –Syntax and semantics–Model systems–Visual documentations–Collections of best practices–Used to produce a set of artifacts that can be delivered –Wide support–Independent of programming languages–Support high level concepts3UML Diagram Types•Use Case diagrams •Static structure diagrams–Class diagrams–Object diagrams•Interaction diagrams–Sequence diagrams–Collaboration diagrams•Statechart diagrams•Activity diagrams•Component diagrams•Deployment diagram4Copyright © 1997 by Rational Software CorporationActors•An actor is someone or some thing that must interact with the system under developmentStudentRegistrarProfessorBilling System5Use Cases•A use case is a pattern of behavior the system exhibits–Each use case is a sequence of related transactions performed by an actor and the system in a dialogue •Actors are examined to determine their needs–Registrar -- maintain the curriculum–Professor -- request roster–Student -- maintain scheduleMaintain ScheduleMaintain Curriculum Request Course Roster6Copyright © 1997 by Rational Software CorporationUse Case Diagram•Use case diagrams are created to visualize the relationships between actors and use casesStudentRegistrarProfessorMaintain ScheduleMaintain CurriculumRequest Course RosterBilling System7Copyright © 1997 by Rational Software CorporationUse Case Realizations•The use case diagram presents an outside view of the system•Interaction diagrams describe how use cases are realized as interactions among societies of objects•Two types of interaction diagrams–Sequence diagrams–Collaboration diagrams8Class Diagram•Class diagrams are the most commonly used diagrams in UML.•Class diagrams are for visualizing, specifying and documenting the system from a static perspective.•Class diagrams indicate which classes know about other classes and, if they do, what type of relationship exists.•Class diagrams will have different levels of detail (abstraction) depending on where we are in the software development process.9Class Diagrams•Class diagrams describe types of objects in a system and their relationships. •There are three types of relationships between classes:•Dependency (“uses”)•Aggregation (“has”)•Inheritance (“is”)•Class diagrams also show the attributes and operations of a class.10Class Diagrams•Class diagrams consist of several classes connected with relationships•Representation of a class:11Class Diagram12Convention•Name of class is a word with initial upper case letter•Capitalize first letter of every word in name•Name of attributes is lower case letter•Capitalize first letter of every word other than first•Operations have same naming schemes as attributes•Brackets include parameter operation works on13Associations•“relationship between different objects of one or more classes”14Connectors15Multiplicities16UML Class DiagramClassAssociationLabelMultiplicity17Class•Derived from the CRC Cards•Sections: name, attributes, operationsConstruct Description Syntax class a description of a set of objects that share the same attributes, operations, methods, relationships and semantics. NameAttributesMethods18Association•It is more important to identify classes than to identify associations•Too many associations can be confusing•Classes may have association with themselvespersonmanages 1 * Construct Description Syntax association a relationship between two or more classifiers that involves connections among their instances.19Generalization•Generalization: identifying commonality among classes Construct Description Syntax generalization a taxonomic relationship between a more general and a more specific element.20Aggregation•A composite aggregation (filled diamond) means that the multiplicity at the composite end may be at most one. •Shared aggregation (hollow diamond) means that the multiplicity at the composite end may be more than one.Construct Description Syntax aggregation A special form of association that specifies a whole-part relationship between the aggregate (whole) and the component part.21Aggregation Guidelines•There is an obvious physical or logical assembly•The part and composite have the same lifetime •Operations applied to the composite propagate to the parts e.g. destruction, movement, etc.22Objects and Inheritancesubtypesupertypedependency23Classifier•A classifi er is a mechanism that describes structural and behavioral features.•Types of classifiers are …–classes, interfaces, datatypes, signals, components, nodes, use cases and subsystems.•Classes are the most important kind of classifier.–Classes have a number of features beyond attributes and behaviors that allow you to model some of the more subtle/advanced features of a system.24Advanced Class Features25Abstract and Concrete Classes and Operations26Template Icon–A parameterized element.–Represented in UML as a dashed box in the upper right-hand corner of the class icon, which lists the template parameters.27State Transition DiagramCopyright © 1997 by Rational Software CorporationInitializationOpenentry: Register studentexit: Increment countClosedCanceleddo: Initialize coursedo: Finalize coursedo: Notify registered studentsAdd Student / Set count = 0Add student[ count < 10 ][ count = 10 ]CancelCancelCancel28Copyright © 1997 by Rational Software CorporationSequence Diagram•A sequence diagram displays object interactions arranged in a time sequence : Studentregistration formregistration managermath 1011: fill in info2: submit3: add course(joe, math 01)4: are you open?5: are you open?6: add (joe)7: add (joe)math 101 section 129Copyright © 1997 by Rational Software Corporation : Registrarcourse form : CourseFormtheManager :