BIOLOGY 263, FALL 2005 MIDTERM EXAMINATION SECTION RU01 Name Date: Hypothesis Evaluation. Is there statistically significant support for each hypothesis? (12%, 4% ea.) 1. Hypothesis: The number of plant species will be greater in mowed areas than in unmowed areas in eastern Colorado. Data: Mean number of plant species per 1 meter quadrat in unmowed areas = 11.6, Mean number of plant species per 1 meter quadrat in mowed areas = 10.8. p-value = 0.0001 Circle one: Hypothesis Supported Hypothesis Rejected Briefly explain: 2. Hypothesis: Alfalfa, Medicago sativa, is more common in sunny than shaded areas. Data = Mean # of Medicago sativa plants per m2 in sunny areas = 20.5, Mean # of Medicago sativa plants per m2 in shaded areas = 16.2 p-value = 0.0592 Circle one: Hypothesis Supported Hypothesis Rejected Briefly explain: 3. Hypothesis = There following population is undergoing evolution with respect to gene “A”. Data = Observed numbers with each genotype = 25AA 25Aa 50aa, Expected numbers with each genotype = 15AA 46Aa 39aa p-value = 0.0001 Circle one: Hypothesis Supported Hypothesis Rejected Briefly explain: Definitions. Define each BIOLOGICAL term from THIS LABORATORY in an accurate, concise, and lucid manner. (24%, 4% each) 1. Bacterial Colony: 2. Negative Control Group: 3. Population: 4. Rosette (plant growth form): 5. Sickle Cell Disease: 6. Species Richness:Data Manipulation, Data Analysis, & Experimental Design. Address each question in as concise and lucid a manner as possible. 1. Given the following data from a small, reproductively isolated, constant-sized population, a) calculate the allele and genotype frequencies for every time period. (8%) b) Create a properly labeled graph of the allele frequency of one of the alleles (NOT both) over time. (6%) c) Propose a plausible population genetic/evolutionary explanation for what you see happening (or not happening) to the allele frequency over time. (2%) individuals gener-ations BB Bb bb 0 50 100 50 5 70 80 50 10 40 110 60 15 60 80 60 20 65 80 55 2. Use the following four gels on which are shown X and x alleles (all individuals are from the same population) to calculate the allele and genotype frequencies for the population. Then determine if the population is at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. (Show your calculations) (10%) wells x X3. Create a phylogenetic tree based on the followings set of data. Be certain to indicate derived characteristics on the tree. (12%) leaf veins flower parts true wood, forms rings flower sepals pollinators cherry tree branching few yes green insects palm tree parallel few no green wind tulip parallel few no colorful insects lily parallel few no colorful insects Magnolia - OUTGROUP branching many yes green insects 4. Study Design. Use the space below and the back of this page to design a rigorous experiment to test the hypothesis that soil bacterial species richness is lower after logging in Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forests. You have access to areas where Ponderosa pines have just been removed via logging and adjacent areas where the Ponderosa pines have not been affected by logging. A. Descibe how you would design the study to test this hypothesis. (What would you do and what would you use?) (10%) B. Indicate what quantitative (numerical) data you would gather? (2%) C. Indicate the type of graph you would use to display your data and the type of statistical test you would use. (4%)BIOLOGY 263, FALL 2005 MIDTERM EXAMINATION SECTION RU01 – PRACTICAL STATIONS Name Date: Laboratory Practical Stations. Answer the questions at each station. (12%, 3% per station) 1. a. 3. Use the key to identify the plant at this b. station. 2. Use the key to identify the plant at this 4. Complete the activity as directed.