COMP 14 HTML the Web June 20 2000 Nick Vallidis Announcements P5 due today P6 due Friday Homework read 1 6 p 40 41 2 9 2 10 p 92100 3 10 p 157 164 4 7 p 211212 It s not a lot of pages they re just scattered about basically it s most of the pages with the orange on the edge for the first 4 chapters Today The web Writing HTML The Internet a group of computers in the same location are connected by a network called a local area network LAN UNC is a good example of a LAN A LAN is usually owned by one company Multiple LANs are connected to form a wide area network WAN the Internet is a WAN that spans the globe Talking over the Internet A protocol is like a language to a computer It s the language it speaks over a network The internet uses a pair of protocols called TCP IP TCP Transmission Control Protocol IP Internet Protocol Internet addressing Every computer on the internet has two addresses IP address These take the form 192 154 67 1 Four numbers from 1 255 separated by periods Internet address take the form evans cs unc edu The first word is the name of the machine the rest of the words are collectively called the domain the World Wide Web a way to facilitate information transfer over the Internet based on the concept of hypertext that information doesn t follow a linear flow like it s presented in a book the users of the Web have settled on HTML HyperText Markup Language as the way to represent hypertext Using the web You need a program called a web browser these basically understand HTML and how to retrieve information through the Internet You need the address of the information you want This is called a Uniform Resource Locator URL http computer unc edu blah blah html ftp ftp cs unc edu public application doc Writing Web Pages In order to create a web page we have to learn how to write HTML HTML is NOT a programming language HTML just tells the computer how to format text and images it s like using Word but having to type in what you want things to look like Tags HTML works based on the concept of tags A tag is some text surrounded by and Tags are not printed to the screen Example tags HTML TITLE P H1 A lot of the time they work in pairs HTML and HTML Very simple web page HTML HEAD TITLE Simple web page TITLE HEAD BODY This is the text on a web page BODY HTML What do the tags mean HTML HTML go at the beginning and end of EVERY page HEAD HEAD introduction of the document TITLE TITLE what goes in the title bar of the window BODY BODY the text and other stuff that is displayed in the window Doesn t matter how you type it In HTML where you put enter is ignored The web browser decides this for you based on the size of the window These two will print the same thing first BODY Why not fly BODY second BODY Why not fly BODY How do you do it then Putting P at the beginning of a paragraph and P at the end will put a blank line between two pieces of text example You can also use BR to insert a carriage return aka enter example What else can I do make text bold use B and B make text italic use I and I make text blink use BLINK and BLINK really annoys the heck out of people too center text CENTER and CENTER many others on p 582 in the book Hierarchical structure For documents having a hierarchical structure you can use heading tags H1 H2 H3 H4 H5 H6 marking chapter in a book marking section of a chapter marking subsection of a chapter and so on down Lists There are two kinds of lists Ordered lists surrounded by OL and OL Unordered lists surrounded by UL and UL Both use LI and LI to indicate List Items things in the list example Links This is the important part This is how you go from page to page A HREF put URL here link text A Example Color and images You can add color or an image to the background color make body tag BODY BGCOLOR RED OR BODY BGCOLOR FF23FF image make body tag BODY BACKGROUND image gif Inserting images You can also just add an image into the middle of the page Use IMG SRC put URL here It s that easy Here s the example Applets Use the APPLET tag It has some attributes you need to set APPLET code HEIGHT WIDTH you need to fill in the there s also a CODEBASE to tell where the code is in case it s not on your machine Example APPLET CODE Marquee WIDTH 100 HEIGHT 50 APPLET Parameters to applets Sometimes applets need parameters Use the PARAM tag before APPLET Example APPLET CODE Map WIDTH 100 HEIGHT 5 PARAM NAME state VALUE North Carolina PARAM NAME city VALUE Chapel Hill APPLET
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