Embedded XINU and BeyondEmbedded XINUBeyond ExinuReferenceThingsIoTEmbedded ControllersOther requirementsEnabling TechnologyThink of the possibilitiesApplicationsSummaryEmbedded XINU and BeyondB. RamamurthyEmbedded XINU•Platform WRT54GL•Understand the various components•CPU, different types of memory, its classification as an embedded system, devices, device drivers, kernel•Various software components in the xinu software•Shell, device drivers, memory layout•Read the embedded xinu UML class diagram.Beyond Exinu•How does one apply the knowledge acquired in the class to other applications?•What are the emerging application in this area?•One particular emerging area is that of “Internet of Things”•It is also known as Internet of objects, refers to the interconnection of very objects.Reference•Internet of Things. http://www.dni.gov/nic/PDF_GIF_confreports/disruptivetech/appendix_F.pdflast visited Nov 2010.Things•It started with simply electronic tagging of items to automate the identification, inventory control, supply chain management etc.•Surveillance, security, healthcare, safety, food industry•People location, geo-signals, object detection•Tele-operation, tele-presence, remote operations•Embedded within things are devices that can sense, compute, monitor and control•This advance is commonly termed Internet of Things (IoT).IoT•Communication is a foundational requirement: –People Things –Things Things•Things report their status and sensors data and people can respond with actions to be taken.•Things can communicate among themselves to adjust to conditions, share data and corrective actions.•Example: the famous IBM’s ad on fridge ordering milk for you when the milk is running outEmbedded Controllers•Most everyday objects have embedded controllers in them: automatic coffee maker•The combination of embedded microcontrollers, sensors, actuators, network interfaces, and the greater Internet makes it possible for the Internet to evolve from an network of interconnected computers to a network of interconnected objects.Other requirements•Sensors: sense the environment•Positioning systems: determine location•Biometrics: authenticate requests•Machine vision: view the world and identify objectsEnabling Technology•Machine-machine interfaces and protocols of electronic communication•Microcontrollers (MIPS processor of WRt54GL)•Wireless communication•Identification technology (RFID), QR code•Energy harvesting technology•Sensors and transducers•Actuators: pneumatics, pumps, etc.•Location technology•Software: Still lot to be doneThink of the possibilities•Lets discuss some•From shopping to national security and militaryApplications•That push the boundaries of IoT•Cell phones as windows on everything•Cell phones as remote controllers•Continuous monitoring and measuring•Locating things: eye glasses and car keys•Loosely organized things•Just-in time diagnosis and maintenance of vehicles and machinery•Healthcare and caretaking•Deterring thefts and knockoffs•Standards, food safety, energy conservation, cyber warfareSummary•Internet of things is a natural evolution of the current internet and the devices•It requires a lot of work from dedicated development environment to standards.•You can use all your embedded systems expertise to contribute to advances in this
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