Anth 176A:North American ArchaeologySpring 2009Judith A. Habicht-Mauche 1Anth 176A:North AmericanArchaeologyProf. Judith A. Habicht MaucheUCSCSpring 2009Index Cards:Tell me about yourself… Name/Year/Major Phone Email Other archaeology courses OK to share info with other students? (y/n)A little about me… Professor of Anthropology. At UCSC since1990. North American Archaeology and Ethnohistory Southwest and Southern Plains Late Precontact and Early Contact Periods Ceramic materials analysis Identity, social formation, migration, genderand status, technology, production andexchange.Anth 176A:North American ArchaeologySpring 2009Judith A. Habicht-Mauche 2What is North America? For purposes of thiscourse, everything northof Mexico (U.S., Canadaand Greenland) Different Time Different way of lookingat the past - archaeologyNorth AmericaMesoamericaWhat is Prehistory? History of inhabitants of New World prior toEuropean Contact (15,000BC to 1500AD) Problematize “Prehistory” Not “ahistorical” or w/out history Just means before “historiography” (writing) Primary sources for investigating pre-contact period. Oral Histories ArchaeologyWho were the Inhabitants of NorthAmerica Prior to European Conquest? Indians From “Indios” – Spanish term for all Asians Native North Americans Indians, Eskimos (Inuits) and Aleuts 4 million at time of contact 250,000 in 1890 1 million today (less than half on reservations) One of the fastest growing minorities – searching for identity withinlarger American Society NOT HOMOGENOUS Over 2000 distinct societies in North American alone 7 different language stocks Over 1000 mutually unintelligible languages Vast differences in subsistence strategies and social organizationAnth 176A:North American ArchaeologySpring 2009Judith A. Habicht-Mauche 3Core to our discussions…Who are the Native North Americans? Where didthey come from? How did they get here? Howlong have they been here? How and why didthis diversity of cultures develop? How arearchaeological remains – artifacts andmonuments – related to modern Native Groupsand what do these remains tell us about thehistory and antiquity of these peoples? Abouttheir social lives?Wednesday… Begin to explore some of these issues bylooking at early encounters between Europeansand Native Americans, and Early speculation about the origins and historyof Native peoples on this continentMap Exercise Many people are unaware of the diversity andscale of prehistoric societies in North America For historical and political reasons, this is notstudied in high schools Not seen as part of “our” history – very different inEurope and even Latin America Map Game: I will show you a series of sites, artifacts, ruins andmonuments in North America Try to place them on the map and date themAnth 176A:North American ArchaeologySpring 2009Judith A. Habicht-Mauche 41Olsen Chubbock –6500BC Bison Kill Site2Fort Clark – 13th to 19th C. Plains Village Tradition3Ozette – 1750AD Cedar Plank HouseAnth 176A:North American ArchaeologySpring 2009Judith A. Habicht-Mauche 54Old Bering Sea Culture – 200BC to AD800 Sea Mammal Hunters5Koster – 7500BC to AD1200 Transition from Hunter-Gatherers to Farmers6Poverty Point – 1350BCVery Early Chiefdom?Anth 176A:North American ArchaeologySpring 2009Judith A. Habicht-Mauche 67Great Serpent Mound AD 1050Late Woodland8Cahokia (Monks Mound) – AD900 to AD12003rd Largest PreColumbian Structure in Americas9Chaco Canyon (Pueblo Bonito) – AD900 to AD1000Center of Complex Regional SystemAnth 176A:North American ArchaeologySpring 2009Judith A. Habicht-Mauche 7Major Geographical Areas Arctic Subarctic Eastern Woodlands Plains Southwest Great Basin Plateau Northwest Coast CaliforniaEnrollment Issues Take Roll Course is currently closed. Will enroll up to 50 students. Preference will be given to seniorsconcentrating in archaeology. Then other senioranthro majors. See me for permission code after class.Course Structure Target Audience Lecture Class – lots of information to cover –names, dates, places – don’t panic!! Ask Questions – Open up discussions MUST COME PREPARED TO DISCUSSREADINGS No SectionsAnth 176A:North American ArchaeologySpring 2009Judith A. Habicht-Mauche 8Text Books Fagan (4th edition) ERES Will also put some extra books on reserve –good sources and bibliographies for theresearch paper.Textbook available at Bay Tree Bookstore and on-reserveat McHenry Library.Course Requirements Participation (attendance, preparation, classdiscussions) 10% Two take home essay/short answer exams(90%) One at Mid-term One at End-term (NOT CUMULATIVE)NO EXTRA CREDITDO ALL WORK, DO IT WELL, AND TURN IT IN ON