ED 793 LAB #1LAB #1 OUTLINE1. Getting your Subscription: We will all subscribe to the UM statistics service.2. Telnet: This program allows us access to the servers that contain the files and software we will be using.3. UNIX: We will discuss some basics (working with files and directories) of the UNIX operating system4. FTP: I will demonstrate how to ftp files from a local machine to your homespace and viceversa. You will have a video that demonstrates this if you forget. ACCESS TO THE UM SYSTEMThe key to accessing the UM computer systems is your uniquename. Everyone at U of M is assigned a uniquename when they enroll or begin employment at the University. Heidi’s email address:[email protected]’s uniquename: heidigAlong with your password your uniquename allows you to access UM computer services like email, the library system, storage space on remote servers, and much more including statistics services.TELNET1. Telnet is software that allows us to access directories, files, and software on remote servers. Many of us, those that use Pine, use telnet to access our email. In lab we will follow this same procedure with but we will login to the statistics server, stat.itd.umich.edu1. Open the telnet program 2. Open a connection to the ITD login server3. At the login prompt type your uniquename and then hit return4. At the password prompt type your password and hit return5. At the prompt type telnet stat.itd.umich.edu1/14/19 ED 793 Lab16. Login again7. You are now logged in to one of the stats serversUNIXWHAT IS UNIX?Like DOS, MS Windows, or MacOS, UNIX is an operating system. Unix is different than these other in two important ways: UNIX is a multi-user system, which means that more than one user can be using the UNIX system at a time, while others systems are single user operating systems, which means only one user can be using the system at a time. UNIX is a multi-tasking system, which means that programs can run different tasks simultaneously.Thanks to these features, all of us can use the same UNIX system and run SPSS for UNIX simultaneously.FILE AND DIRECTORY BASICSFile rules Filenames can be of unlimited length, although only the first 14 characters are acknowledged. All letters are case sensitive. File names can be only one word, no spaces are allowed. You can place a period anywhere in the file name.File or directory informationTo list the subdirectories and files within a directory follow the procees in the example below.Example command:defender% lsTo get a description of the subdirectories and files within a directory try this.Example command:defender% ls -lOutput described:drwxr-xr-x The first d (or -) tells you whether you are looking at a filedirectory or a directory. It’s directory here.The r’s, w’s, x’s, and –‘s deal with who is allowed to read, write,1/14/19 ED 793 Lab2and execute the file or directory. Note: To learn how to change thepermissions see ITD document: S4111DirectoriesThe Institutional File System (IFS) at the University of Michigan is very complex. There are hundreds of subdirectories in the system. So, you need to check frequently where you are, using the pwd (print working directory) command. The following directory tree is a portion of the IFS, which we will use in lab.1/14/19 ED 793 Lab3afsumich.edugroup user classed793[a –z][a – z]dey heidigUsing this map we can begin to navigate our way through the system. When you login, you start at your home directory. For me that means I am at/afs/umich.edu/user/h/e/heidigExercise 3: What is the full pathname of Eric’s home directory? (Eric’s uniquename is dey)Exercise 4: What is the full pathname of the ed793 class directory?Attention: Unix uses regular slashes (/) not backslashes (\) to separate directories.NAVIGATING UNIX DIRECTORIESNow it is time to navigate our way around. We will use three commands to do this: pwd, ls, and cd.pwd Check where you are using this commandExample command: defender% pwdExample output:/afs/umich.edu/user/h/e/heidigls To see what files and directories are in a directory, use this command.Example command:Defender% lsls –l To see a longer description of the contents of a directory, use this command.cd Now it is time to move to other directories. In order to move from my homedirectory into a subdirectory called Public, I simply type cd Public.To move to another directory all together you type cd name of directory.Example command:1/14/19 ED 793 Lab4defender% cd /afs/umich.edu/user/d/e/dey (Eric’s home)If you want to move back up one level to the directory, which is, in this case, myhome directory, you could type cd ..cd .. Use this command to move up one level.cd ~ This command takes you to you home directory from where ever you are. Thesquiggle is called tilda.Exercise 5: Go from your home directory to our class home directoryExercise 6: Return homeWORKING WITH FILES AND DIRECTORIESDIRECTORIESCreating: The mkdir command can be used to create a subdirectory within a directory. Let’sall make an ed793 subdirectory in our home directories.Example command:defender% mkdir ed793To remove a directory you use the rmdir command for empty directories and the rm -r command to remove directories with files and subdirectories inside.Renaming: There is no command specifically for renaming, but there is still a way to do it. To rename, you can use the mv or the cp commands.Example command:defender% mv ed793 ED793Example command:defender% cp -r ED793 ed793Using the cp -r command makes a copy of the directory and allows you to give it a new name. Copying: In the second renaming example above, you learned to make a copy of a directory. The cp -r command was actually created for this purpose. The following example makes a copy of a subdirectory and places it in whatever directory you are currently in (the period does this, see below).Example command:1/14/19 ED 793 Lab5defender% cp -r /afs/umich.edu/user/h/e/heidig/Public .. (period): A period (.) means the current working directory. The command line in the example above tells UNIX to make a copy of my subdirectory, Public, in whatever your current working directory is.FILESAs you will see, this is a lot like working with directories. Commands like mv and cp are used here as well.Creating: To create a file, we will use a program called PICO, a text editing program.Example command:defender% pico newfilenameOutput:That command will open a new text file called newfilename. Upon