DOC PREVIEW
SCCC BIO 130 - Articulations

This preview shows page 1-2-3 out of 10 pages.

Save
View full document
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 10 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 10 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 10 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 10 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience

Unformatted text preview:

Skeletal System: Articulations(Chapter 9)Lecture MaterialsforAmy Warenda Czura, Ph.D.Suffolk County Community CollegeEastern CampusPrimary Sources for figures and content:Marieb, E. N. Human Anatomy & Physiology 6th ed. San Francisco: Pearson BenjaminCummings, 2004.Martini, F. H. Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology 6th ed. San Francisco: PearsonBenjamin Cummings, 2004.Amy Warenda Czura, Ph.D.1SCCC BIO130 Chapter 9 Lecture SlidesArticulation = joint; site where two or morebones meet-function: connect bones together but providemobility in skeletonAnatomical/Structural Classification of Joints:(based on connecting material)1. Fibrous: bones joined by fibrous CT with no space2. Cartilaginous: bones joined by pad or bridge of cartilage3. Synovial: bones separated by fluid-filled cavity, surrounded by CTPhysiological/Functional Classification of Joints: (based on amount of movement)1. Synarthrosis: immovable joint(fibrous or cartilaginous)2. Amphiarthrosis: slightly moveable joint (fibrous or cartilaginous)3. Diarthrosis: freely moveable joint(always synovial)Increased mobility = decreased stabilityAmy Warenda Czura, Ph.D.2SCCC BIO130 Chapter 9 Lecture SlidesSynarthroses: immovable, strength1. Synostosis: fused bones2. Suture: interlocked bones, sealed withdense CT3. Gomphosis: tooth in alveolar socket, heldby peridontal ligament4. Synchrondrosis: hyaline cartilage bridge between bonesAmphiarthroses: slightly moveable, strengthwith some mobility1. Syndesmosis: bones connected by ligamentligament = band of dense regular CT2. Symphysis: bones separated by pad offibrocartilageAmy Warenda Czura, Ph.D.3SCCC BIO130 Chapter 9 Lecture SlidesDiarthroses = Synovial Joint: great mobility,less strength and stabilityFeatures (on handout)Amy Warenda Czura, Ph.D.4SCCC BIO130 Chapter 9 Lecture SlidesJoint InjuriesSprain - damage to ligament, some collagentorn, slow to healBursitis - inflammation of a bursa due totrauma, infection, or repetitive motion*synovial joints stabilized by articular capsuleand accessory structures to restrict mobility: ↑mobility = ↓stability = ↑chance of dislocationLuxation = dislocation; joint displacement,usually damages cartilage, ligaments,and capsule, pain receptors in all CT of thejoint, except articular cartilage, to prevent actionsSubluxation = partial dislocation;displacement beyond usual anatomicallimitation, “double jointed”Amy Warenda Czura, Ph.D.5SCCC BIO130 Chapter 9 Lecture SlidesMovements at synovial joints1. Linear movements - Gliding: slight movement in any direction2. Angular movements: one plane of motion - Flexion: reduce angle in frontal plane - Extension: increase angle in frontal plane - Hyperextension: extension pastanatomical position - Abduction: move away from longitudinalaxis in sagittal plane - Adduction: move toward longitudinal axisin sagittal plane - Circumduction: move in loop withoutrotation3. Rotational movements: turn on axis - medial rotation: turn in toward body - lateral rotation: turn out away from bodyAmy Warenda Czura, Ph.D.6SCCC BIO130 Chapter 9 Lecture SlidesSpecial and Specific Motion:- Inversion: turn sole inward- Eversion: turn sole outward- Dorsiflexion: lift toes- Plantar flexion: lift heal- Opposition: thumb across palm- Pronation: medial rotation of radius- Supination: lateral rotation of radius- Protraction: move anterior- Retraction: move posterior- Elevation: move superior- Depression: move inferiorRanges of Motion1. Monaxial: movement in 1 plane2. Biaxial: movement in 2 planes3. Triaxial: movement in 3 planes4. Multiaxial: gliding joints, all directionsAmy Warenda Czura, Ph.D.7SCCC BIO130 Chapter 9 Lecture SlidesTypes of Synovial Joints (handout)1. Gliding/Plane Joint: flat surfaces, slide inany direction2. Hinge Joint: cylindrical projection intrough-shaped surface3. Pivot Joint: round projection in ring shapeddepressionAmy Warenda Czura, Ph.D.8SCCC BIO130 Chapter 9 Lecture Slides4. Ellipsoidal joint: oval facet in ovaldepression5. Saddle joint: concave surface into convexsurface6. Ball and socket joint: spherical head intocup-like socketAmy Warenda Czura, Ph.D.9SCCC BIO130 Chapter 9 Lecture SlidesAge Related Changes:Rheumatism = pain and stiffness of skeletalsystemArthritis = rheumatism of synovial joints,caused by damage to articular cartilage- osteoarthritis = age 60+, cumulative wearand tear erodes cartilage- rheumatoid arthritis = autoimmune attack,chronic inflammation and damage tojointAnkylosis = ossification of the joint dueto untreated RA- gouty arthritis = crystals of uric acid fromnucleic acid metabolism form insynovial fluid, damage cartilageAmy Warenda Czura, Ph.D.10SCCC BIO130 Chapter 9 Lecture


View Full Document

SCCC BIO 130 - Articulations

Download Articulations
Our administrator received your request to download this document. We will send you the file to your email shortly.
Loading Unlocking...
Login

Join to view Articulations and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or
We will never post anything without your permission.
Don't have an account?
Sign Up

Join to view Articulations 2 2 and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or

By creating an account you agree to our Privacy Policy and Terms Of Use

Already a member?