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UD CISC 181 - Introduction to Computer Science

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1CISC181 Introduction to Computer ScienceDr McCoy1Dr. McCoyLecture 6September 17, 2009Another Look at Switch• Exercise 2.63 – “The Twelve Days of Christmas” Song.Thi l l h th f2•This program clearly shows the use of break in the switch statement.Chapter 3 - Functions• So far our programs have been pretty simple made up of control structures and “pre-packaged” functions available in the C Standard library3C Standard library.• Programmer can also write functions to define specific tasks that might be done several times in a program.Function• Functions need only be defined once.• The functions can be called many times in a program.Thi hid th d t il f h t i4•This hides the details of what is happening.• Example: perfect place is to print out money value given integer representation.Invoking Functions• A function is invoked (i.e., made to perform its designated task) by a function call which specifies the function name and provides any arguments the function5provides any arguments the function needs.• Generally, functions return a value – the thing computed in the function call.63.2 Program Components in C++• Boss to worker analogy– A boss (the calling function or caller) asks a worker (the called function) to perform a task and return (i.e., report back) the results when the task is done. 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.273.3 Math Library Functions• Perform common mathematical calculations– Include the header file <cmath>• Functions called by writing– functionName (argument);or 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.– functionName(argument1, argument2, …);•Examplecout << sqrt( 900.0 );– sqrt (square root) function The preceding statement would print 30– All functions in math library return a double83.3 Math Library Functions• Function arguments can be– Constants• sqrt( 4 );– Variables• sqrt( x );Ei 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.–Expressions• sqrt( sqrt( x ) ) ;• sqrt( 3 - 6x );9Method Description Example ceil( x ) rounds x to the smallest integer not less than x ceil( 9.2 ) is 10.0 ceil( -9.8 ) is -9.0 cos( x ) trigonometric cosine of x (x in radians) cos( 0.0 ) is 1.0 exp( x ) exponential function ex exp( 1.0 ) is 2.71828 exp( 2.0 ) is 7.38906 fabs( x ) absolute value of x fabs( 5.1 ) is 5.1 fabs( 0.0 ) is 0.0 fabs( -8.76 ) is 8.76 floor( x ) rounds x to the largest integer not greater than x floor( 9.2 ) is 9.0 floor( -9.8 ) is -10.0 fmod( x, y ) remainder of x/y as a floating-it bfmod( 13.657, 2.333 ) is 1.992  2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.point number log( x ) natural logarithm of x (base e) log( 2.718282 ) is 1.0 log( 7.389056 ) is 2.0 log10( x ) logarithm of x (base 10) log10( 10.0 ) is 1.0 log10( 100.0 ) is 2.0 pow( x, y ) x raised to power y (xy) pow( 2, 7 ) is 128 pow( 9, .5 ) is 3 sin( x ) trigonometric sine of x (x in radians) sin( 0.0 ) is 0 sqrt( x ) square root of x sqrt( 900.0 ) is 30.0 sqrt( 9.0 ) is 3.0 tan( x ) trigonometric tangent of x (x in radians) tan( 0.0 ) is 0 Fig. 3.2 M ath lib rary func tions. 10Method Description Example ceil( x ) rounds x to the smallest integer not less than x ceil( 9.2 ) is 10.0 ceil( -9.8 ) is -9.0 cos( x ) trigonometric cosine of x (x in radians) cos( 0.0 ) is 1.0 exp( x ) exponential function ex exp( 1.0 ) is 2.71828 exp( 2.0 ) is 7.38906 fabs( x ) absolute value of x fabs( 5.1 ) is 5.1 fabs( 0.0 ) is 0.0 fabs( -8.76 ) is 8.76 floor( x ) rounds x to the largest integer not greater than x floor( 9.2 ) is 9.0 floor( -9.8 ) is -10.0 fmod( x, y ) remainder of x/y as a floating-it bfmod( 13.657, 2.333 ) is 1.992  2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.point numberlog( x ) natural logarithm of x (base e) log( 2.718282 ) is 1.0 log( 7.389056 ) is 2.0 log10( x ) logarithm of x (base 10) log10( 10.0 ) is 1.0 log10( 100.0 ) is 2.0 pow( x, y ) x raised to power y (xy) pow( 2, 7 ) is 128 pow( 9, .5 ) is 3 sin( x ) trigonometric sine of x (x in radians) sin( 0.0 ) is 0 sqrt( x ) square root of x sqrt( 900.0 ) is 30.0 sqrt( 9.0 ) is 3.0 tan( x ) trigonometric tangent of x (x in radians) tan( 0.0 ) is 0 Fig. 3.2 M ath lib rary func tions. 11Method Description Example ceil( x ) rounds x to the smallest integer not less than x ceil( 9.2 ) is 10.0 ceil( -9.8 ) is -9.0 cos( x ) trigonometric cosine of x (x in radians) cos( 0.0 ) is 1.0 exp( x ) exponential function ex exp( 1.0 ) is 2.71828 exp( 2.0 ) is 7.38906 fabs( x ) absolute value of x fabs( 5.1 ) is 5.1 fabs( 0.0 ) is 0.0 fabs( -8.76 ) is 8.76 floor( x ) rounds x to the largest integer not greater than x floor( 9.2 ) is 9.0 floor( -9.8 ) is -10.0 fmod( x, y ) remainder of x/y as a floating-it bfmod( 13.657, 2.333 ) is 1.992  2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.point number log( x ) natural logarithm of x (base e) log( 2.718282 ) is 1.0 log( 7.389056 ) is 2.0 log10( x ) logarithm of x (base 10) log10( 10.0 ) is 1.0 log10( 100.0 ) is 2.0 pow( x, y ) x raised to power y (xy) pow( 2, 7 ) is 128 pow( 9, .5 ) is 3 sin( x ) trigonometric sine of x (x in radians) sin( 0.0 ) is 0 sqrt( x ) square root of x sqrt( 900.0 ) is 30.0 sqrt( 9.0 ) is 3.0 tan( x ) trigonometric tangent of x (x in radians) tan( 0.0 ) is 0 Fig. 3.2 M ath lib rary func tions. 12Method Description Example ceil( x ) rounds x to the smallest integer not less than x ceil( 9.2 ) is 10.0 ceil( -9.8 ) is -9.0 cos( x ) trigonometric cosine of x (x in radians) cos( 0.0 ) is 1.0 exp( x ) exponential function ex exp( 1.0 ) is 2.71828 exp( 2.0 ) is 7.38906 fabs( x ) absolute value of x fabs( 5.1 ) is 5.1 fabs( 0.0 ) is 0.0 fabs( -8.76 ) is 8.76 floor( x ) rounds x to the largest integer not greater than x floor( 9.2 ) is 9.0 floor( -9.8 ) is -10.0 fmod( x, y ) remainder of x/y as a floating-it bfmod( 13.657, 2.333 ) is 1.992  2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.point numberlog( x ) natural logarithm of x (base e) log( 2.718282 ) is 1.0 log( 7.389056 ) is 2.0 log10( x ) logarithm of x (base 10) log10( 10.0 ) is 1.0 log10( 100.0 ) is 2.0 pow( x, y ) x raised to power y (xy) pow( 2, 7 ) is 128 pow( …


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