ARTH 1380 1ST Edition Lecture 30 Outline of Last Lecture - Types of churches- St. Peter’s church- Church of Santa Constanza- Santa Marian Maggiore- Galla PlacidaOutline of Current Lecture - History of Byzantine empire- Early Byzantine period- Haiga Sophia- Early Byzantine art Current Lecture- In 410 Rome was sacked- The western empire ruled briefly from Ravenna - It soon disintegrates replaced by warring kingdoms- These kingdoms later become the modern nations of western Europe- At the same time the eastern empire was ruled from Constantinople- It continues for a thousand years until conquered by the Ottoman Turks in 1453 CE- We call the eastern empire Byzantium at the time they called their empire “Rome”- Byzantine rules ruled over political and religion- There was no separation between the church and the state there was strict control over religion - Many people easily joined Islam because the Christians were too strict - The early Byzantine period is from 527-726 CE - An important figure from this time was Emperor Justinian - Important monuments were the Haiga Sophia and Constantinople- Iconoclasm was the period from 726-843 CE was a time when icons were not allowed - The Middle Byzantine period was from 843-1204 CE- Empress Theodora reinstates veneration of icons- There was the Macedonian dynasty - Crusaders occupy Constantinople in 1204- The Late Byzantine period was from 1261-1453 CE- The Byzantine rule is restored - Ottoman Turks conquer in 1453 - Russian is the final outpost of the Byzantine Empire- The emperor Justinian the first ruled from 527-565 CEThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- He acted as the Pope ant the Emperor - He created a code system for Roman law- He made Orthodox Christianity the only lawful religion in Byzantium- He built more than 30 Orthodox churches in Constantinople alone- There was a new level of organization - Orthodox Christianity focus point is the idea of the trinity defined so that nothing else is right- Haiga Sophia means “Holy wisdom”- It was under the direction of Justinian- When it was turned into mosque they white washed the Christian themes off the walls- It is now restored into a museum so the paintings that were white washed were restored- It is not the original dome because the top dome collapsed and was replaced- It is a central-plan church- The church is built out of brick not concrete - People lost skills of using concrete because of all the chaos that occurred in Rome- The diameter of the top dome is thirty-one meters- It has surrounding domes and structures to support the top dome- The four posts were added when it was converted into a mosque- The dome is not on top of a cylinder but instead a square - It does not have an oculus at the top for light to enter- There are windows on the top dome structure and this allows light to enter and gives the illusion that the dome is floating- The floor level is large usually seen in Basilicas- In the interior they used lavish stones had mosaics to make it look rich- The Sam Vitale was built as central plan the form is complexKey TermsIconoclasm- period were the use of icons was not allowed enforced by the church and
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