Penn CIS 112 - CIS 112 Course Overview and Introduction

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Course Overview and IntroductionWhat do the following questions…An Emerging ScienceWho’s Doing All This?Course Vision and MissionA Communal ExperimentCourse OutlineThe Networked Nature of Society (2 lectures)Contagion, Tipping and Networks (2 lectures)Introduction to Graph Theory (1 lecture)Social Network Theory (3 lectures)The Web as Network (2 lectures)Emergence of Global from Local (2 lectures)An Introduction to Game Theory (2 lectures)Interdependent Security and Networks (1 lecture)Network Economics (2 lectures)Behavioral Economics (2 lectures)Internet Basics (1 lecture)Internet Economics (2 lectures)Modern Financial Markets (2 lectures)Course MechanicsFirst AssignmentCourse Overviewand IntroductionNetworked LifeCSE 112Spring 2005Prof. Michael KearnsWhat do the following questions…•How does Google find what you want?•How do tolerant populations become segregated?•How many friends between you and Kevin Bacon?•How should you split $20 with a stranger?•What can the Internet learn from Paris subway?•How is file downloading like a competition?•How might we combat spam economically?…have in common?An Emerging Science•Examining apparent similarities between many human and technological systems & organizations•Importance of network effects in such systems•How things are connected matters greatly•Structure, asymmetry and heterogeneity•Details of interaction matter greatly•The metaphor of viral spread•Dynamics of economic and strategic interaction•Qualitative and quantitative; can be very subtle•A revolution of–measurement–theory–breadth of visionWho’s Doing All This?•Computer Scientists–Understand and design complex, distributed networks–View “competitive” decentralized systems as economies•Social Scientists, Behavioral Psychologists, Economists–Understand human behavior in “simple” settings–Revised views of economic rationality in humans–Theories and measurement of social networks•Physicists and Mathematicians–Interest and methods in complex systems–Theories of macroscopic behavior (phase transitions)•All parties are interacting and collaboratingCourse Vision and Mission•A network-centric examination of a wide range of social, technological, biological, financial and political systems•Examined via the tools and metaphors of:–computer science–economics–psychology and sociology–mathematics–physics•Emphasize the common themes•Develop a new way of examining the worldA Communal Experiment•No similar undergraduate course•No formal technical prerequisites–greatly aided by recent books–publications in Science, Nature, etc.•Extensive web visualizations and demos•Extensive participatory in-class social experiments•Exercises in data analysis•Note: Networked Life is now approved to fulfill the College’s Quantitative Data Analysis RequirementCourse OutlineThe Networked Nature of Society(2 lectures)•Networks as a collection of pairwise relations•Examples of (un)familiar and important networks–social networks–content networks–technological networks–biological networks–economic networks•The distinction between structure and dynamics•Models of network formationA network-centric overview of modern society.Contagion, Tipping and Networks(2 lectures)•Epidemic as metaphor•The three laws of Gladwell:–Law of the Few (connectors in a network)–Stickiness (power of the message)–Power of Context •The importance of psychology•Perceptions of others•Interdependence and tipping•Paul Revere, Sesame Street, Broken Windows, the Appeal of Smoking, and Suicide EpidemicsInformal case studies from social behavior and pop culture.Introduction to Graph Theory(1 lecture)•Networks of vertices and edges•Graph properties:–cliques, independent sets, connected components, cuts, spanning trees,…–social interpretations and significance •Special graphs:–bipartite, planar, weighted, directed, regular,…•Computational issues at a high levelBeginning to quantify our ideas about networks.Social Network Theory(3 lectures)•Metrics of social importance in a network:–degree, closeness, between-ness, clustering…•Local and long-distance connections•SNT “universals”–small diameter–clustering–heavy-tailed distributions•Models of network formation–random graph models–preferential attachment–affiliation networks•Examples from society, technology and fantasyA statistical application of graph theory to human organization.The Web as Network(2 lectures)•Empirical web structure and components•Web and blog communities•Web search:–hubs and authorities–the PageRank algorithmThe algorithmic implications of network structure.Emergence of Global from Local(2 lectures)•Beyond the dynamics of transmission •Context, motivation and influence•The madness of crowds:–thresholds and cascades–mathematical models of tipping–the market for lemons–private preferences and global segregationBegin to connect to classical issues of human and societal behavior.An Introduction to Game Theory(2 lectures)•Models of economic and strategic interaction•Notions of equilibrium–Nash–correlated–cooperative–market–bargaining•Multi-player games•Evolutionary game theory–mimicking vs. optimizing•Network effects•Social choice theoryPowerful mathematical models of what happensover links in competitive and cooperative settings.Interdependent Security and Networks(1 lecture)•Security investment and Tragedies of the Commons•Catastrophic events: you can only die once•Fire detectors, airline security, Arthur Anderson,…Blending network, behavior and dynamics.Network Economics(2 lectures)•Buying and selling on a network•Modeling constraints on trading partners•Local imbalances of supply and demand•Preferential attachment, price variation, and the distribution of wealthThe effects of network structure on economic outcomes.Behavioral Economics(2 lectures)•What’s broken with economics and game theory?•How should you split 20 dollars?•Beauty contests and ultimatums•Cultural and sociological effects•The return of context•Guilt, envy and altruism: improving the theoryControlled social psychology experimentsexamining how “rational” we really are(n’t).Internet Basics(1 lecture)•IP addresses•Routers•Domain Name Servers•ISPs•Congestion control, load balancing•The Web and URLs•Security issues, network


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