Cloud Computing I (intro) 15-319, spring 2010 2nd Lecture, Jan 14th Lecture Motivation…Lecture OutlineA Cloud is … Cloud ComputingCloud ComputingCloud Computing ServicesCloud Services ( XaaS )SaaS (1/3)SaaS (2/3)SaaS (3/3)PaaS (1/2)PaaS (2/2)IaaS (1/5)IaaS (2/5)IaaS (3/5)IaaS (4/5)IaaS (5/5)Resource sharing and consolidationHeterogeneous Physical ResourcesMore (XaaS): Everything as a Service EaaSEvolutionEnabling TechnologiesWhy Cloud Computing?Why Cloud Computing?Why Cloud Computing?Why Cloud Computing?Why Cloud Computing?Why Cloud Computing?Why Cloud Computing?Why Cloud Computing?Why Cloud Computing?DrawbacksTypes of Clouds (1/4)Types of Clouds (2/4)Types of Clouds (3/4)Types of Clouds (4/4)Types of ApplicationsSystem InfrastructureMapReduce and Apache HadoopMapReduce Programming ModelHadoop Map/ReduceApache HadoopHDFSDistributed File SystemCarnegie MellonSpring 2010 ©15-319 Introduction to Cloud ComputingIntroduction to Cloud ComputingMajd F. SakrCloud Computing I (intro) 15‐319, spring 2010 2nd Lecture, Jan 14thCarnegie MellonSpring 2010 ©15-319 Introduction to Cloud ComputingLecture Motivation… General overview on cloud computing What is cloud computing Services Types  Advantages and disadvantages Enabling technologies An example infrastructureCarnegie MellonSpring 2010 ©15-319 Introduction to Cloud Computing3Lecture Outline What is Cloud? What is Cloud Computing? Cloud Computing Services History of Cloud Computing Why Cloud Computing Drawbacks of Cloud Computing Types of CloudsCarnegie MellonSpring 2010 ©15-319 Introduction to Cloud ComputingA Cloud is … Datacenter hardware and software that the vendors use to offer the computing resources and servicesCarnegie MellonSpring 2010 ©15-319 Introduction to Cloud Computing Represents both the cloud & the provided services Why call it “cloud computing”? Some say because the computing happens out there "in the clouds" Cloud ComputingWikipedia: "the term derives from the fact that most technology diagrams depict the Internet or IP availability by using a drawing of a cloud."Carnegie MellonSpring 2010 ©15-319 Introduction to Cloud ComputingCloud Computing Who is Who…Cloud providers Cloud Users & Service ProvidersService UsersAmazon AWSIBMSun CloudDellMicrosoftVMwareSun Microsystems3teraAptanaSun CloudCitrix SystemsCloud TestingHewlett-PackardRed HatSynfiniWayNaviSiteOutsourceryllandIntelliquibAmazon AWSAnimoto“With Amazon [AWS], on Day One of launch we could scale to the world.”-Brad Jefferson, Co-Founder & CEO, Animoto“Animoto has partnered with Amazon to leverage multiple offerings in their Web Services (AWS) platform which, in conjunction with Animoto's own render farm, constitutes the Animoto web infrastructure.”SmugMugAmazon S3IBMQloudUsers use it to produce video pieces from their photos, video clips and music.Carnegie MellonSpring 2010 ©15-319 Introduction to Cloud ComputingCloud Computing ServicesThree basic services: Software as a Service (SAAS) model  Apps through browser Platform as a Service (PAAS) model Delivery of a computing platform for custom software development as a service Infrastructure as a Service (IAAS) model Deliver of computer infrastructure as a service XAAS, the list continues to grow…Carnegie MellonSpring 2010 ©15-319 Introduction to Cloud ComputingCloud Services ( XaaS )Carnegie MellonSpring 2010 ©15-319 Introduction to Cloud ComputingSaaS (1/3) Started around 1999 Application is licensed to a customer as a service on demand Software Delivery Model: Hosted on the vendor’s web servers Downloaded at the consumer’s device and disabled when on‐demand contract is overSaaSCarnegie MellonSpring 2010 ©15-319 Introduction to Cloud ComputingSaaS (2/3) SaaS architecture/ Maturity levels: Distinguishing attributes: configurability, multi‐tenant efficiency, scalability1 2 3 4Tenant 1 Tenant 2Tenant 1 Tenant 2 Tenant 1 Tenant 2 Tenant 1 Tenant 2Tenant Load Balancerinstance 1 instance 2instance instance instance instance instance Configurable + Multi-tenant-efficient + Scalable• Same application but distinct instance/customer• Each has its own customized version of the application and run its own instance• (+):Efficient use of server resources without apparent differences to end users• (-): scalability limitsSaaSCarnegie MellonSpring 2010 ©15-319 Introduction to Cloud ComputingSaaS (3/3) ExamplesSaaSCarnegie MellonSpring 2010 ©15-319 Introduction to Cloud ComputingPaaS (1/2) Delivery of an integrated computing platform (to build/test/deploy custom apps) & solution stack as a service. Deploy your applications & don’t worry about buying & managing the underlying hardware and software layers SaaSPaaSCarnegie MellonSpring 2010 ©15-319 Introduction to Cloud ComputingPaaS (2/2) ExamplesSaaSPaaSCarnegie MellonSpring 2010 ©15-319 Introduction to Cloud ComputingIaaS (1/5) Delivery of computer infrastructure (typically platform virtualization environment) as a service Buy resources Servers Software Data center space Network equipment as fully outsourced services  Example:SaaSPaaSIaaSCarnegie MellonSpring 2010 ©15-319 Introduction to Cloud ComputingIaaS (2/5) Virtualization Technology is a major enabler of IaaSSaaSPaaSIaaS It’s a path to share IT resource pools: Web servers, storage, data, network, software and databases. Higher utilization ratesApp1 App2 App3Traditional StackOSHardwareOS2HardwareOS1OS3HypervisorVirtualized StackApp1 App2 App3MiddlewareCarnegie MellonSpring 2010 ©15-319 Introduction to Cloud ComputingHARDWAREIaaS (3/5) Virtualization Technology is a major enabler of IaaSSaaSPaaSIaaSCarnegie MellonSpring 2010 ©15-319 Introduction to Cloud Computing Granularity of VMsIaaS (4/5)SaaSPaaSIaaSVM VMVMVMVMQuad Core: Multi‐core processorsCarnegie MellonSpring 2010 ©15-319 Introduction to Cloud ComputingVirtualizationWorkloadsWeb 2.0CollaborativeInnovationSoftwareDevelopmentVirtualClassroomDataIntensiveProcessingHigh VolumeTransactionsVirtual StorageVirtual NetworksVirtual ServersPhysical LayerRacks, BladeCenterStorageNetworkingServersVirtual Applications &Middleware Virtual Clients Power SystemsRequest Driven Provisioning & Service ManagementDynamic SchedulingMonitoringCapacity PlanningSLAServiceCatalogRequestUIOperationsUIIaaS (5/5)Carnegie MellonSpring 2010 ©15-319