DOC PREVIEW
UD NTDT 200 - NTDT200 Chapter 8

This preview shows page 1-2-3-4-30-31-32-33-34-61-62-63-64 out of 64 pages.

Save
View full document
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 64 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 64 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 64 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 64 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 64 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 64 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 64 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 64 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 64 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 64 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 64 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 64 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 64 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 64 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience

Unformatted text preview:

Energy Balance and Body CompositionLecture ObjectivesEnergy BalanceSlide 4Slide 5Energy In: kCaloriesEnergy In: Food IntakeSlide 8Slide 9Slide 10Slide 11Energy OutEnergy ExpenditureEnergy Out: Basal MetabolismSlide 15Factors that Affect the BMREnergy Out: Physical ActivityPowerPoint PresentationEnergy Out: Thermic Effect of Food (TEF)Energy Out: Adaptive ThermogenesisComponents of Energy ExpenditureEstimating Energy RequirementsEstimating Energy Requirements (EER)Defining Healthy Body WeightSlide 25Tips for Accepting a Healthy Body WeightSlide 27Sample BMI calculationBody Mass Index (BMI)Slide 30Distribution of Body Weights in US AdultsCDC BMI calculatorBody Composition% Body Fat- Males vs. FemalesBody Fat and Its Distribution“Apple” and “Pear” Body Shapes ComparedSlide 37Slide 38Common Methods Used to Assess Body FatHealth Risks Associated with Body Weight & Body FatSlide 41Slide 42Slide 43Slide 44BMI and Mortality*Eating DisordersSlide 47Slide 48Slide 49Female Athlete TriadSlide 51Other Dangerous Practices of AthletesTips for Combating Eating DisordersAnorexia NervosaSlide 55Slide 56Bulimia NervosaSlide 58The Vicious Cycle of Restrictive Dieting & Binge EatingSlide 60Slide 61Diet Strategies for Combating Bulimia NervosaBinge-Eating DisorderEating Disorders in SocietyEnergy Balance Energy Balance and Body and Body CompositionCompositionChapter 8 & Highlight 8Chapter 8 & Highlight 8Dr. Alisha RovnerDr. Alisha RovnerNTDT200NTDT200Fall 2013Fall 2013Lecture ObjectivesLecture Objectives•Describe energy balance and the consequences of not being in balance.•List the components of energy expenditure and factors that might influence each. •Distinguish between body weight and body composition, including methods to assess each. •Identify relationships between body weight and chronic diseases. •Compare and contrast the diagnoses, characteristics, and treatments of the different eating disorders.Energy BalanceEnergy Balance•People expend energy continuously and eat to refuel•Energy balance•Energy in = energy out (maintains weight)•A shift in balance causes weight changes•Energy in > energy out (gains weight)•Energy in < energy out (loses weight)•1 pound of fat = 3500 kcaloriesEnergy BalanceEnergy BalanceHow many extra kCalories would a person have to eat a day to gain 1 lb in a week (hint 1 lb = 3500 kcal)?Energy BalanceEnergy Balance•Dietary Guidelines•To maintain body weight in a healthy range, balance kCalories from foods and beverages with kCalories expended.Energy In: kCaloriesEnergy In: kCalories•Food and beverages provide the “energy in” part of the energy-balance equation•How much energy a person receives depends on 1. the composition of foods and beverages2. amount person eatsEnergy In: Food IntakeEnergy In: Food Intake•To achieve energy balance, body must meet it’s needs without taking in too much or too little energy•Appetite is the integrated responses to the sight, smell, thought, or taste of food that initiates or delays eatingEnergy In: Food IntakeEnergy In: Food Intake•Hunger•Painful sensation caused by a lack of food that initiates food-seeking behavior•Satiation•Feeling of fullness that occurs during a meal, tells people to stop eating•Satiety•Continues to suppress hunger, tells people not to start eating againEnergy In: Food IntakeEnergy In: Food Intake•Overriding hunger and satiety•Stress eating•External cuesi.e. Time of day, availability, sight, taste•Environmental influencesi.e. Large portion sizes•Cognitive influencesi.e. Comfort foods•Disordered eatingEnergy In: Food IntakeEnergy In: Food Intake•Sustaining satiation and satiety•Nutrient composition•Protein is most satiating•Low-energy density•High-fiber foods•High-fat foods – strong satiety signalsEnergy In: Food IntakeEnergy In: Food Intake•The hypothalamus•Control center for eating•Integrates messages about energy intake, expenditure, storage•Gastrointestinal hormones•Dozens influence appetite control and energy balanceEnergy Out Energy Out •Thermogenesis (“generation of heat”)•Can be measured to determine energy expenditure•Main categories:•Basal metabolism•Physical activity•Food consumption•AdaptationEnergy Expenditure Energy Expenditure •People expend energy when they are physically active•People also expend energy when they are resting quietly•Quiet metabolic activities account for large portion of people’s energy expendituresEnergy Out: Basal MetabolismEnergy Out: Basal Metabolism•Basal metabolism is the energy needed to maintain life (eg. body temp, lungs inhaling and exhaling air, heart beating)•Accounts for 2/3 of energy expended in a day•Basal metabolic rate (BMR) is the rate at which the body expends energy for life-sustaining activitiesEnergy Out: Basal MetabolismEnergy Out: Basal Metabolism•Basal metabolic rate (BMR)•Variations from person to person •Slowest rate when person sleeping•Weight •Highest in growing children•Lean tissue•Resting metabolic rate (RMR)Factors that Affect the BMRFactors that Affect the BMREnergy Out: Physical ActivityEnergy Out: Physical Activity•Second component of energy output•Voluntary movement of skeletal muscles •Most variable component of energy expenditure•Amount of energy needed•Muscle mass•Body weight•Activity•Frequency, intensity, and durationTable 8-2 p238Energy Out: Thermic Effect of Energy Out: Thermic Effect of Food (TEF)Food (TEF)•TEF is estimation of the energy required to process food (digest, absorb etc…)•Approximately 10% of energy intake•High-protein foods > high-fat foods•Meal consumption time frame influences TEFEnergy Out: Adaptive Energy Out: Adaptive ThermogenesisThermogenesis•Additional energy spend when person has to adapt to dramatically changing circumstances•Examples- starvation, trauma•Extra work done by body•Amount expended is extremely variable•Not included in energy requirement calculationsComponents of Energy ExpenditureEstimating Energy Estimating Energy RequirementsRequirements•Gender•BMR (women lower)•Growth•Groups with adjusted energy requirements (eg. Pregnant women, infant, children)•Age•Changes with age•Physical activity•Levels of intensity for each gender•Body composition & body size•Height•WeightEstimating Energy Estimating Energy Requirements (EER)Requirements (EER)Men 19 yrs and older:EER= [662- (9.53 x age)] + PA* x [(15.91 x


View Full Document

UD NTDT 200 - NTDT200 Chapter 8

Documents in this Course
Exam I

Exam I

17 pages

Notes

Notes

1 pages

Digestion

Digestion

89 pages

Exam 1

Exam 1

25 pages

Choking

Choking

3 pages

Chapter 6

Chapter 6

10 pages

Chapter 1

Chapter 1

22 pages

Load more
Download NTDT200 Chapter 8
Our administrator received your request to download this document. We will send you the file to your email shortly.
Loading Unlocking...
Login

Join to view NTDT200 Chapter 8 and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or
We will never post anything without your permission.
Don't have an account?
Sign Up

Join to view NTDT200 Chapter 8 2 2 and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or

By creating an account you agree to our Privacy Policy and Terms Of Use

Already a member?