NTDT200 Review Questions Chapter #41. What are food sources of carbohydrates?All plant foods (whole grains, vegetables, legumes, fruits)2. What atoms do carbohydrates contains?Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen3. What are the three groups that make up the carbohydrate family?•Monosaccharides•Most basic units of carbohydrates•All have same # and kinds of atoms but in different arrangements•Disaccharides•Pairs of monosaccharides linked together •Polysaccharides•Contain many glucose units and in some cases monosaccharides strung together4. What is a simple carbohydrate? What’s a complex carbohydrate?•Monosaccharides and disaccharides (sugars) are sometimes called simple carbohydrates•Polysaccharides (starches and fibers) are sometimes called complex carbohydrates5. What is the difference between Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes?Diabetes- Insulin is either inadequate or ineffective•Type 1 diabetes- pancreas fails to produce insulin•Type 2 diabetes- cells fail to respond to insulin6. What’s the glycemic index? What are some low GI foods and high GI foods?•Method of classifying foods according to their potential to raise blood glucoseGeneral classifications:•Low GI: Legumes, milk products•Moderate GI: Whole grains, fruits•High GI: Processed foods made from refined flours (eg. snack foods, breads, ready to eat cereal) 7. What are the health effects of sugar in the diet?Weight gain, tooth decay8. What are the names of added sugars?brown sugar, confectioner’s sugar, corn sweeteners, corn syrup, dextrose, high-fructose corn syrup, honey, invest sugar, levulose, maple sugar, molasses, raw sugar, turbino, white sugar9. What are alternative sweetners?Sweetners that limit kcal and minimize sugar intake. There are three categories:- Artifical sweetners (non-nurtritive sweetners)- provide virtually no energy. - Herbal sweetners- plant derived sweetners (stevia)- Sugar alcohols- sugar like compounds. Still provide kcal (sorbitol,
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