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MIT ESD 342 - Terms and Definitions for Engineering Systems

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Lecture 2 OutlineTerms and DefinitionsOther System CharacteristicsOther Words/Phrases That We Will Use and Need to Understand Form and FunctionLecture 2 OutlineProject GoalsProject DeliverablesFurther Project InformationProject IdeasProject Next Steps - assignment 1C L Magee BiasesMore on CLM BiasesThe Materials Science MantraTHE METAPHOR EXPANDED ITHE METAPHOR EXPANDED II THE METAPHOR EXPANDED IIILearnings from Materials Science Experience My Biases Regarding Systems ArchitectureMy background and interests in systems architectureSome of my attitudes regarding systemsA guide to my interests in system architectureGuide (2)OptimizationAssumptions and Biases-WhitneyThings That Are ImportantThings We Usually Don’t Think About Because They Won’t HappenOther ThoughtsWhat’s Basic to MechELecture 2 OutlineNetwork Analysis TerminologyMetrics (as used in this class)Network metricsNetwork Metrics IVarious classes of networksNetwork Analysis EssentialsPreliminary remarks on use of network analysis in researchImportant topics at the “Research Front”More Research Front Topics1© 2008 Chris Magee, Engineering Systems Division, Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyLecture 2 Outline• Terms and Definitions for Engineering Systems• Project discussion• Biases and prejudices about systems and structure– Magee–Moses– Whitney– Class participants introduction • Return to Network Analysis Preview– Some Network Terms and Definitions– Networks metrics and types– Research Front Issues2© 2008 Chris Magee, Engineering Systems Division, Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyTerms and DefinitionsReview/discuss Terms and definitions document that was posted• System• Function• Performance• Properties or characteristics– Broad term includes functions of direct interest to users but also other characteristics– Complexity, uncertainty, emergence (next slide)– Properties affecting Life-cycle or broad concerns (“ilities”)• Ilities– Flexibility/Evolvability– Robustness – Sustainability3© 2008 Chris Magee, Engineering Systems Division, Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyOther System Characteristics• Complexity• Uncertainty• EmergenceWhat are the relationships, especially trade-offs, between forms, functions, ilities, performance and these characteristics?4© 2008 Chris Magee, Engineering Systems Division, Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyOther Words/Phrases That We Will Use and Need to Understand • Element, module, component, agent• Pattern (repeating), motif• Interface, boundary• Functional Performance Dynamics• Integrality, modularity, dependence, independence, central control, distributed control, autonomy• Relationship, interaction, path• Hierarchy, layer, platform• Decomposition, integration • Cluster, clique5© 2008 Chris Magee, Engineering Systems Division, Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyForm and Function• Function– (narrow) what the system does, as opposed to Performance and Ilities– (broad) combines function, performance and ilities• What is the relationship between Form (assume meaning is equivalent to the definitions we discussed for structure or architecture in lecture 1) and Function?6© 2008 Chris Magee, Engineering Systems Division, Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyLecture 2 Outline• Terms and Definitions for Engineering Systems• Project discussion• Biases and prejudices about systems and structure– Magee–Moses– Whitney– Class participants introduction • Return to Network Analysis Preview– Some Network Terms and Definitions– Research Front Issues7© 2008 Chris Magee, Engineering Systems Division, Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyProject Goals• Analyze and attempt to improve upon an existing large scale system (or organization)• Understand the domain of the system (and its history, if relevant)• Use Course Material on the system– Pay attention to data availability and quality, and note any observational limits– Test methods and tools for usefulness – Identify opportunities for quantitative analysis and necessary qualitative aspects– Identify hierarchy of various types if applicable– Apply network analysis and other quantitative tools– Identify architectural types and compare to canonical forms– Understand system ilities and constraints– Make comparison to other systems8© 2008 Chris Magee, Engineering Systems Division, Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyProject Deliverables• Meetings with assigned project faculty: should occur at least once in each phase, that is, a week or two before each presentation• LEC #12: Each project team gives a 10 minute presentation on their project status• LEC #21: Each project team gives a 12 minute presentation on the quantitative aspects of their project (network analysis and other tool application)• LEC #24: Each project team to give 20 minute (2 person teams) final presentations on their project.• Presentation Constraints: – Each project member is required to give a minimum of two (partial) presentations during the term. – Presentation times are relatively short and will be held• LEC #25: Final Written report due at noon for all projects.9© 2008 Chris Magee, Engineering Systems Division, Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyFurther Project Information• A Project Information document is posted in the project section of the web site containing the information on the last two slides plus• Final Presentation Objectives• Final Report Content ( a relatively detailed outline)10© 2008 Chris Magee, Engineering Systems Division, Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyProject Ideas• Build and analyze a collection of social network data- for example from MySpace • Map the New England power grid from 1965 blackout reports• Build and analyze networks from Amazon's “people who bought this book also bought…” or something analogous from eBay • Look at propagation of videos or other messages on YouTube (or editing on Wikipedia)• Look at starting lineups in baseball, trying to correlate starting pitchers and key batters, or day/night, etc.• Compare public transit layouts in large cities world wide• Make an agent model of distribution system growth, such as nerves, capillaries, transit or highways• Look at citations among protocols done by the World-wide web consortium to build and analyze a network • Examine patent citations to determine interconnectedness and to identify “root


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