Alaskan Harvesting Gear II 1. Longline 2. Jig 4. Seine 3. Gillnet 4. TrollLongline Required for Halibut and Blackcod Fisheries Stuck Gear vs. Snap-on Gear Groundline (GL) ⅜ - ½” Sinking Line Stuck Gear - Gagnions Spliced into GL Snap-On Gear - Gagnions Clipped to GL Stuck Gear: GL in 300 fm Skates Snap-On Gear: GL on Reel (Winch)Longline II Gagnions Act Like Leaders One End Attached to Groundline Other End Attached to Circle Hook Gagnions: Stiff Heavy Nylon Cord Depending on Species 6’ Long Depending on Species, 12’ Apart on GL Anchors, Buoys, Flag with Radar ReflectorLongline Set (Halibut) Anchor, Buoy, Flag, GPS Location Marked GL Tied to Anchor, Runs Through Baiter Circle Hooks Self Bait as GL Runs Out Next Skate Tied to First - 3 Skates Per Set 3 x 300 fm = 900 fm = 5,400 ft At End: Anchor, Buoy, Flag, GPS MarkedLongline Circle HooksLongline Snap On Gear IStuck Longline SkatesLongline Baited HooksLongliningLongline Fishing Put Out Many Sets - Wait 12 Hrs & Pick Picking Set: Find Flag & Buoy Retrieve Line - Anchor - GL on Winch Fish Self Hooked on Circle Hooks Gaff to Bring Fish Aboard, Gut Fish Ice Body Cavity and Put Fish in HoldLongline Fishing Much Smaller CPUE than Trawl Much Higher Quality Fish Used for the Most Valuable Fish Start-up Costs Lower than Trawl Good Set: Target Fish on > 10% Hooks Specific Bait Can Reduce Bycatch Killer Whales Can Pluck Fish Off SetLongline Vessel with Shelter DeckLongline Vessel Headed HomeJigging Sinker Drops Bait to Fishing Depth Rapidly Raise & Lower Bait - “Jig” When Fish is On - Automatically Reeled In Hooks are Usually Barbless. Used Primarily on Cod, Rockfish, SquidJigging Via Machine Used for Cod & Rockfish in State Waters Lower Capital Investment to Gear Up. Scale-Up Practical - Skill Easily Learned Machines Reliable and Rugged Cod - ~ 1,000 lbs per Day per Machine Good Shape after Capture - High QualityJigging Jigging: Move Bait Up & Down Rapidly Attracts Target Species Jigging Machine: Senses Fish Pull on Bait Reels In Automatically Jigging Machines Electric (Finfish & Squid) Hydraulic (Finfish)Jigging Basics Find Fish by Location or Sonar Drop Bait - Sinker Carries it Down Set Jig Action - Jigging Frequency Catch ~ 2,500 lbs / Machine / Day Vessel May or May Not Have RSW RSW Fish Fetch Higher Price Daily Tote of Ice Fetches Higher PriceJigging OK for State Water Cod Before Pot Fishing Generally Smaller Boats, Close In to Shore Labor Intensive but High Fish Quality Start-Up Costs Among Lowest Bait Usually Artificial - But Live Bait OK Line Generally Monofilament Bycatch Can Be Low DependingSquid Jigging Important to Local Economies SE Asia Sudden Upward Pull to Snag Squid Hooks are Usually Barbless If Squid On - Reels in Quickly Many Squid One Line - Multiple Hooks US Squid Seined During Spawning Sports Fishing Humboldt SquidSeveral Jig MachinesFish Jigging MachinesJig Machines on BoardAsian Squid Jigging VesselSquid Jigging MachineSquid Jigging LuresSquid Night Fishing ArmadaSquid Night Fishing VesselsSquid Night Fishing LightsDrying Squid TaiwanFancy Presentation of SquidAlaskan Salmon Fishing 5 Species of Pacific Salmon Landed Largest Wild Salmon Harvest Limited Entry Permit Required Processors Must Handle All 5 Species Kings Greatest Value, Pinks LowestAlaskan Salmon Fishing 2010 Harvest: 168.6 Million Salmon 105.4 Million Pinks 40.7 Million Reds 18.2 Million Dogs 3.9 Million Silvers 0.4 Million Kings 2010 Total Value: $533.9 Million Highest Since 1992Alaskan Salmon Fishing Salmon Return to Natal Streams to Spawn Pacific Salmon Spawn Once then Die Each Species Has Distinct Behavior Pink Salmon have 2 Yr Life Cycle Red Salmon Avg 2 Yr FW -2 Yr SW Schooling Behavior Stimulated by FW Many Coastal Alaskans InvolvedSalmon Harvesting Gear Limited Entry Permit Permit Also Specifies Region Purse Seine Beach Seine Drift Gillnet Set Gillnet Power Troll Hand TrollPurse SeineBeach SeineDrift GillnetSet Gillnet - Tide OutPower TrollHand TrollPurse Seiner Purse Seines Used in Numerous Fisheries Tuna, Mullet, Menhaden, Salmon, Herring System Consists of: Seiner Vessel: Sized According to Fishery Seine Skiff: Pulls Net out from Seiner Powerblock: to Retrieve Seine Seine Itself: Scaled According to FisherySeiner & Seine SkiffPowerblockSeineSalmon Purse Seine Purse Seine 200 fm long (1,200 ft) Usually 40 ft deep - Also Custom Seines Seine Consists of: Cork Line with Floats Lead Line - Weighted Diagonally Hung Web in Between Purse Region with Rings Purse LineSetting the Seine Seine on Deck: Corks vs Lead Line Skiff Tows Net Away from Seiner Shape Net into J - Hook Facing Current Skiff Holds Net until Set Complete Crew Plunges - Make Noise - Keep Fish In Gradually Skiff & Seiner Move TogetherPurse Seiner & SeineSkiff Hauling out SeineHolding the SetClosing the SeinePursed SetRetrieving the Seine I Skiff Man Passes Seine Line to Crew Crew Retrieves Seine with Power Block Stack Seine on Deck Stack Corks & Leads Separately Gradually Purse Line is Pulled Taught Purse Region is only Part of the SeineRetrieving the Seine II Seine Hauled in Fish Are Concentrated in Purse When Catch is Large Brail Fish From Pursed Seine Smaller Catch, Bring Bag on Deck Place Fish into Hold with RSWRetrieving the SeineStacking the WebMending the Seine Mending SeineBringing the Bag AboardRolling the Bag on BoardSeiner Low with FishDelivering to the TenderSeining HerringSeined Herring BoilingMenhaden Seining IMenhaden Seining IITuna Seine IBrailing the Tuna CatchTuna Seine IIBeach Seining IBeach Seining IIBeach Seining IIIHand Beach