Reconfigurable/Adaptable Systems & OSReconfigurable/Adaptable SystemsReconfigurable OSLegacy DevicesPlug and PlaySlide 6How PnP works...PnP ProblemsHot SwappingUSBSlide 11Dynamic Reconfiguration of OS using ObjectsReconfiguration of OS using ObjectsChoices’ steps to a new OSChoices three abstract classesChoices constraintsChoices subframeworkReconfigurable System ComponentsWearable Reconfigurable ComputersRequirementsHigh Performance Reconfigurable Computer Systems - ExampleFPGAsComponents of Reconfigurable SystemsReconfigurable System Software ArchitecturePros & Cons of High Performance Reconfigurable ComputingReconfigurable SystemsReferencesSlide 28Reconfigurable/Adaptable Reconfigurable/Adaptable Systems & OSSystems & OSMichelle GriecoMichelle GriecoCharles HuntingtonCharles HuntingtonReconfigurable/Adaptable SystemsReconfigurable/Adaptable SystemsOS reconfigures its resource management OS reconfigures its resource management policies based on application needspolicies based on application needsSystem components change and OS must System components change and OS must adjustadjustReconfigurable OSReconfigurable OSTrends in Dynamically RTrends in Dynamically Reconfigurableeconfigurable Operating Systems include:Operating Systems include:Plug and PlayPlug and PlayHot Swappable Devices (PCMCIA and USB devices)Hot Swappable Devices (PCMCIA and USB devices)Object Oriented Operating SystemsObject Oriented Operating SystemsLegacy DevicesLegacy DevicesPrior to 1995 traditional computer cards had to Prior to 1995 traditional computer cards had to be manually configured. This type of hardware is be manually configured. This type of hardware is categorized as “legacy devices”.categorized as “legacy devices”.The hardware came with dip switches, and/or The hardware came with dip switches, and/or jumpers to configure their settings.jumpers to configure their settings.The problem: A user had to understand The problem: A user had to understand extensively how their computer’s resources were extensively how their computer’s resources were allocated to setup new hardware.allocated to setup new hardware.Another problem: A legacy device’s default Another problem: A legacy device’s default settings caused conflicts in resource allocation settings caused conflicts in resource allocation (ex sound cards, network adapters & IRQ 5).(ex sound cards, network adapters & IRQ 5).Plug and PlayPlug and PlayDevices now work out of the box.Plug and PlayPlug and PlayMicrosoft, Intel, and a few other hardware Microsoft, Intel, and a few other hardware manufacturers developed the Plug and manufacturers developed the Plug and PlayPlay (PnP) standard to combat the problems (PnP) standard to combat the problems with Legacy Devices.with Legacy Devices.A PnP OS stores the device drivers for many A PnP OS stores the device drivers for many peripheral devices.peripheral devices.PnP works with the BIOS to determine the PnP works with the BIOS to determine the necessary resources for new hardware.necessary resources for new hardware.How PnP works...How PnP works...The BIOS first searches the PCI and ISA busses The BIOS first searches the PCI and ISA busses to determine if the current hardware matches the to determine if the current hardware matches the existing configuration.existing configuration.If the configuration has changed then the BIOS If the configuration has changed then the BIOS will assign resources to the legacy devices first.will assign resources to the legacy devices first.The PnP devices are update with the leftover The PnP devices are update with the leftover resources.resources.The ESCD (Extended System Configuration The ESCD (Extended System Configuration Data) is updated with the new configuration Data) is updated with the new configuration settings.settings.PnP ProblemsPnP ProblemsAfter Windows 95 was out problems with PnP After Windows 95 was out problems with PnP became apparent.became apparent.Stubborn IRQ assignmentsStubborn IRQ assignmentsPnP could not handle the complicated jobs.PnP could not handle the complicated jobs.““Plug and Pray”?Plug and Pray”?Hot SwappingHot SwappingHot Swapping is the act of Hot Swapping is the act of connecting/disconnecting a device without connecting/disconnecting a device without stopping the host operations.stopping the host operations.Hot Swapping requires specially designed Hot Swapping requires specially designed hardware and software.hardware and software.Hot Swapping requires that both the OS and the Hot Swapping requires that both the OS and the connecting peripheral support it.connecting peripheral support it.USBUSBUniversal Serial Bus is truly a PnP connector.Universal Serial Bus is truly a PnP connector.USB is very fast, with a maximum bandwidth of USB is very fast, with a maximum bandwidth of 12 Mbps12 MbpsUSB is Hot-Swappable.USB is Hot-Swappable.Reconfigurable OSReconfigurable OSDynamic Reconfiguration of OS Dynamic Reconfiguration of OS using Objectsusing ObjectsTraditional systems use fixed management Traditional systems use fixed management policiespoliciesThey can not expand (or contract) in order to run They can not expand (or contract) in order to run under new hardware environments.under new hardware environments.They can not implement a new feature just They can not implement a new feature just because the hardware made it available.because the hardware made it available.Dynamic reconfiguration welcomes new Dynamic reconfiguration welcomes new implementations of hardware where traditional implementations of hardware where traditional OS ignore it.OS ignore it.Reconfiguration of OS using Reconfiguration of OS using ObjectsObjectsOne example of an OO Reconfigurable OS is One example of an OO Reconfigurable OS is Choices..Choices can run on many different hardware Choices can run on many different hardware platforms.platforms.Choices uses three main abstract classes: Choices uses three main abstract classes: MemoryObject, Process and Domain.MemoryObject, Process and Domain.These classes define the rest of the OS.These classes define the rest of the OS.Choices’ steps to a new OSChoices’ steps to a new OSThe automatic development of a subframework, The automatic development of a subframework, like a file system, is handled in the following like a file system, is handled in the following manner.manner.The