“sh” soundfactionsugarmissionoceanchampagne“o” soundcrowsodoebeau“a” soundlaytakemaidfreightgreatheyThat fickle mistress, English Orthographyletter tthanktendernotionletter hachehoisthourthreeenoughletter cchairblockcitrusdifferent spellings of same sounddifferent sounds of same letter41 (Chapter 2, p. 18)Transparency master copyright © 2005 by Bedford/St. Martin’sFigure 2.1 The sound-producing systemTransparency File 2 10/28/04 9:41 AM Page 41Time (s)01.8282505000Frequency (Hz)Spectrogram of your instructorTime (s)01.8282505000Frequency (Hz)Spectrogram of your instructor42 (Chapter 2, p. 22)Transparency master copyright © 2005 by Bedford/St. Martin’sFigure 2.3 The vocal tractTransparency File 2 10/28/04 9:41 AM Page 42Place of articulationManner of articulationManner of articulationincludes glides1 (Chapter 2, p. 31)Transparency master copyright © 2005 by Bedford/St. Martin’sPlace of articulationManner of articulation Labial Labiodental Interdental Alveolar Alveopalatal Palatal Velar GlottalStop voiceless p t k ʔvoiced b d "Fricative voiceless f θ s ʃ hvoiced v ð z &Affricate voiceless tʃvoiced d&Nasal voiced m n ŋLiquid voiced lateral lvoiced retroflex ɹGlide voiced w j wvoiceless ) )Table 2.12 English consonants: places and manners of articulationTransparency File 1 10/28/04 9:40 AM Page 1Narrower Transcription Employs DiacriticsHungarian palatal stopTalking IPA charthttp://phonetics.ucla.edu/course/chapter1/chapter1.htmlTalking IPA charthttp://phonetics.ucla.edu/course/chapter1/chapter1.htmlCompanion website, chapter