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Missouri S&T BIO SCI 231 - BioSc 231 Exam 5

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BioSc 231 General Genetics Exam 5 Name __________________________________Multiple Choice. (2 points each)_____ For gene cloning, a geneticist digests DNA with ___ an enzyme that cleaves DNA at sequence-specific sites.A. DNA polymeraseB. ligaseC. restriction endonucleaseD. sticky endsE. cDNA_____ Certain endonucleases cut DNA and leave DNA termini without overhangs which are calledA. cohesive terminiB. sticky endsC. blunt endsD. oligonucleotidesE. none of the above_____ If you wanted to clone the largest DNA fragments possible, which vector element would you use?A. plasmidB. bacteriophage lambdaC. YACD. cosmid_____ An enzyme found in retroviruses (like HIV) that can be used to prepare DNA fragments from mRNA is called ___.A. reverse transcriptaseB. RNA polymeraseC. DNA polymeraseD. integraseE. RNAse_____ After combining DNA fragments in a cloning experiment, ___ is used to covalently joined the DNA segments.A. Restriction endonucleaseB. DNA Ligase C. Reverse transcriptaseD. DNA polymeraseE. Helicase_____Plasmids used in vitro to clone foreign DNA fragments are calledA. TransgenicB. cDNAC. ClonesD. VectorsE. Conjugants_____The bacterium used as the model for genetic recombination and engineering in plants isA. Salmonella typhimuriumB. ColeusC. Torulopsis glabrataD. Agrobacterium tumefaciensE. Arabidopsis_____Genetic engineering of eukaryotic cells is accomplished usingA. Direct injection of DNA into fertilized eggsB. Retroviral vectorsC. Embryonic stem cellsD. Gene targetingE. All of the above_____ Differing sizes of restriction fragments produced from the alleles of a gene constituteA. a southern blotB. an allozymeC. identification of a geneD. a restriction fragment length polymorphism_____ Which of the following is NOT necessary in order for a population to maintain Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?A. random matingB. high rate of migrationC. large population sizeD. allele frequencies are the same in males and females_____ In a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium the frequency of the allele for an inherited genetic disease is 0.01. What percentage of the population is homozygous for this allele?A. 0.01%B. 1%C. 0.09%D. 99%E. 0.01%_____ In a population with two alleles, B and b, the frequency of b is 0.34. What would be the frequency of the heterozygotes, assuming Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?A. 0.34B. 0.66C. 0.12D. 0.88E. 0.45_____ Which of the following processes does not contribute to changing allele frequencies in populations?A. mutationB. inbreedingC. migrationD. natural selectionE. genetic drift_____ Enzyme that cleaves DNA at sequence-specific sites is calledA. DNA polymeraseB. ligaseC. restriction endonucleaseD. sticky ends_____ A restriction fragment containing a specific gene of interest can be identified by gel electrophoresis followed by transferring theDNA to a membrane as a solid support matrix using a procedure calledA. a Southern blotB. an allozymeC. identification of a geneD. a restriction fragment length polymorphismShort Answer (variable points)(2 points) Many new cloning vectors have a DNA sequence called a polylinker (or multicloning site) that contains the recognition sequences for many restriction endonucleases. What is the purpose of this region?(6 points) You want to design an oligonucleotide probe to identify a clone containing a new enzyme that you purified. You determine that the amino terminal sequence of your enzyme is:M N D H Y W I KWhat should be the sequence of the oligonucleotide probe? Indicate redundancy by putting all possible nucleotides for a particular position in parenthesis.(4 points) In a restriction mapping experiment you cleave a DNA fragment containing the MNR gene with the individual restriction enzymes XbaI, HindIII, and BamHI individually and in combination with one another and obtain restriction products of the sizes shown below:Enzyme(s) used Sizes of DNA fragments produced (bp)HindIII, BamHI, XbaI 1750, 1500, 1250, 500HindIII, BamHI 2250, 1500, 1250HindIII, XbaI 3000, 1500, 500BamHI, XbaI 2000, 1750, 1250HindIII 3500, 1500BamHI 3750, 1250XbaI 3000, 2000Using the above data, make a restriction map of the MNR gene fragment indicating distances between adjacent restriction sites.(6 points) Fred is married to Helen, who was previously married to George, now deceased. George and Helen conceived one child together and adopted one child. Fred and Helen have also conceived one child. All members of Helen’s current family have had DNAfingerprinting done at a single VNTR locus. Unfortunately, the sheet that identified each child has been misplaced. Identify which fingerprint in each lane (in lanes 5, 6, and 7) correspond to each child.Fred and Helen’s conceived child Child ____George and Helen’s conceived child Child ____George and Helen’s adopted child Child ____(5 points) A researcher has discovered a gene that makes fireflies glow and would like to clone the gene and put it into a poinsettia plant to make glow in the dark poinsettias. Describe the “basic steps” involved in cloning the gene.(5 points) To the right is a hypothetical autoradiogram of a dideoxy sequencing gel. What is the sequence of the gene fragment? Be sure to label the 5' and 3' ends.(2 points) PCR has become a standard technique in diagnosis, criminal investigations and paternity testing. What are the basic ingredients of a PCR reaction that enable investigators to amplify a specific fragment of DNA. Bonus QuestionWhen you go home for Christmas break, someone in your family is bound to ask you what you learned in school this semester. Describe something you learned in this class that you think would be worthy of using as a response to this


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Missouri S&T BIO SCI 231 - BioSc 231 Exam 5

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