Rice LING 411 - New Evidence on Speech Recognition Areas and Their Functions

Unformatted text preview:

New Evidence on Speech Recognition Areas and their FunctionsSchedule of PresentationsValuable Lessons from G. HickokOn the other hand ..Wernicke’s area in speech productionHickok quotes Wernicke:Evidence for left pSTP involvement in speech productionAn MSI study from Max Planck InstituteSlide 9Hickok’s proposal on conduction aphasiaWhy isn’t this Wernicke’s aphasia?Hickok & Poeppel (2000)MR template – Wernicke Aphasia (patient I)MR template – Wernicke Aphasia (patient II)Repetition in Wernicke’s aphasiaSlide 16Slide 17Hickok’s proposal on speech perceptionRH involvement in speech perception Isolated RHCaution – Split-Brain StudiesRH involvement in speech perception Intra-operative recordingRH involvement in speech perception ImagingSome findings w.r.t. RH speech perceptionSlide 24Word DeafnessMore on word deafnessSlide 27Phonological working memoryBut ..Arcuate FasciculusArcuate fasciculus in primatesBenson and Ardila on conduction aphasiaHannah Damasio on conduction aphasiaCT template – Conduction Aphasia (patient I)CT template – Conduction Aphasia (patient II)Kurt Goldstein on Conduction AphasiaThree types of conduction aphasiaMore on RH Linguistic FunctionsPossible bases for RH/LH differenceAnatomical differences between LH and RHExperiments (described by Beeman)Patients with brain-damageImaging studiesExperiments on speech perceptionSlide 45Patients with right-brain damageSplit-brain studiesMusical abilities and the hemispheresSlide 49New Evidence on SpeechRecognition Areasand their Functions Ling 411 – 19Schedule of PresentationsDelclosPlanum TempBanneyerCategoriesRuby TsoWritingBosleySynesthesiaEzellLg Dev. (Kuhl)Rasmussen2nd languageBrownLg&ThoughtKobyMusicTsaiTonesMauvaisLH-RH anat.DelgadoAmusiaTu Apr 13 Th Apr 15 Tu Apr 20 Th Apr 22Valuable Lessons from G. HickokThe role of Wernicke’s area in speech production•Confirms what we have already learnedAnother type of conduction aphasiaThe role of the right hemisphere in speech perceptionA new explanation of “word deafness”The role of Broca’s area and SMG in phonological working memoryThe role of SMG in speech production and repetitionOn the other hand ..One proposal of Hickok is not so good!•Arcuate fasciculusNot a direct connection (acc. to Hickok)(later)Wernicke’s area in speech production “What I would like to suggest is that Wernicke was essentially correct in hypothesizing … that auditory cortex participates in speech production …” (Hickok 2000: 89)Hickok quotes Wernicke:Observations of daily speech usage and the process of speech development indicates the presence of an unconscious, repeated activation and simultaneous mental reverberation of the acoustic image which exercises a continuous monitoring of the motor images. Wernicke 1874Evidence for left pSTP involvement in speech productionErratic speech of Wernicke’s aphasicsConduction aphasia from damage to left pSTPIntraoperative stimulation of left pSTP•“distortion and repetition of words and syllables” (Penfield & Roberts 1959)•N.B.: As in Wernicke’s aphasiaMSI study shows activity in left pSTG just before speech production (picture naming) (Levelt et al. 1998) fMRI study: similar results – no RH activity shown (Hickok et al. 1999)(Hickok 2000: 93-4)An MSI study from Max Planck InstituteLevelt, Praamstra, Meyer, Helenius & Salmelin, J.Cog.Neuroscience 1998Valuable Lessons from G. HickokThe role of Wernicke’s area in speech production•Confirms what we have already learnedAnother type of conduction aphasiaThe role of the right hemisphere in speech perceptionA new explanation of “word deafness”The role of Broca’s area and SMG in phonological working memoryHickok’s proposal on conduction aphasiaAt least one type of conduction aphasia results from damage to phonological processing systems in auditory cortex which participate both in speech perception and in speech production•i.e., Wernicke’s areaThe asymmetry between production (impaired) and comprehension (spared) can be explained in terms of different degrees of lateralization in the … systems that support (or can support) these functions(2000: 89)Why isn’t this Wernicke’s aphasia?The area identified by Hickok for conduction aphasia is Wernicke’s area•Hickok claims that such damage is responsible for conduction aphasiaConduction aphasia and Wernicke’s aphasia•In conduction aphasiaComprehension is relatively ok•Hickok claims the RH pSTP also participates in speech recognitionPatient is aware of errors in repetition•Hickok proposes that in Wernicke’s aphasia the damage extends beyond Wernicke’s areaMTG (p. 101), (maybe also AG?)Hickok & Poeppel (2000)Left temporal-parietal-occipital junction area is “typically involved to some extent in Wernicke’s aphasia, which … has a prominent post-phonemic component to the deficit profile. (Toward a functional neuroanatomy of speech perception, p. 7)MR template – Wernicke Aphasia (patient I)Poster-ior portion of super-ior and middle temp-oral gyriMR template – Wernicke Aphasia (patient II)Super-ior temp-oral gyrus, AG, SMGRepetition in Wernicke’s aphasiaRepetition in Wernicke’s aphasiaModel for Repetition black shoeHe parks the carIt goes between two othersPatient’s Response blackboard shoelaceHe park … he came with the car. He came with his car.It went two cars … between the carsValuable Lessons from G. HickokThe role of Wernicke’s area in speech production•Confirms what we have already learnedAnother type of conduction aphasiaThe role of the right hemisphere in speech perceptionA new explanation of “word deafness”The role of Broca’s area and SMG in phonological working memoryHickok’s proposal on speech perceptionThe primary substrate for speech perception is the posterior temporal plane (pSTP) • pSTP – Heschl’s gyrus plus planum temporaleConduction aphasia can result from damage to exactly this area in left hemisphereApparent paradox:•Comprehension is preserved in conduction aphasiaExplanation:•Speech perception is subserved by pSTP in both hemispheres(2000: 90)RH involvement in speech perceptionIsolated RHEvidence from tests of isolated RH•Split-brain studies•Wada testSodium amytol, sodium barbitol •Discrimination of speech sounds•Comprehension of syntactically simple speech(Hickok


View Full Document

Rice LING 411 - New Evidence on Speech Recognition Areas and Their Functions

Download New Evidence on Speech Recognition Areas and Their Functions
Our administrator received your request to download this document. We will send you the file to your email shortly.
Loading Unlocking...
Login

Join to view New Evidence on Speech Recognition Areas and Their Functions and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or
We will never post anything without your permission.
Don't have an account?
Sign Up

Join to view New Evidence on Speech Recognition Areas and Their Functions 2 2 and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or

By creating an account you agree to our Privacy Policy and Terms Of Use

Already a member?