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UT Arlington EE 5359 - PROJECT PRESENTATION

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PowerPoint PresentationSlide 2Slide 3Slide 4Slide 5Slide 6Slide 7Slide 8Slide 9Slide 10Slide 11Slide 12Slide 13Slide 14Slide 15Slide 16Slide 17Slide 18Slide 19Slide 20Slide 21Slide 22Slide 23Slide 24Slide 25Slide 26Slide 27Slide 28Slide 29Slide 30Slide 31Slide 32Slide 33Slide 34EE 5359 PROJECT PRESENTATIONFAST INTER AND INTRA MODE DECISION FAST INTER AND INTRA MODE DECISION IN H.264 VIDEO CODEC IN H.264 VIDEO CODEC BASED ON THREAD-LEVEL PARALLELISMBASED ON THREAD-LEVEL PARALLELISMProject Guide – Dr. K. R. RaoTejas Sathe (1000731145)Email ID: [email protected]•H.264/MPEG-4 Part 10 or AVC (Advanced Video Coding): Standard by the ITU-T Video Coding Experts Group (VCEG) and the ISO/IEC Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG)•Widely used for video compression, and is currently one of the most commonly used formats for the recording, compression, and distribution of high definition video.•A new video compression scheme that has become the worldwide digital video standard for consumer electronics and personal computers.•Significant improvement in the rate-distortion efficiency providing, typically, a factor of two in bit-rate savings when compared with existing standards.Introduction to H.264 [1] codec•Baseline Profile: Real-time conversational services e.g. video conferencing and videophone•Main Profile: Digital storage media and television broadcasting•Extended Profile: Multimedia services over Internet•Four High Profiles: Content-contribution, content-distribution, and studio editing and post-processingH.264 profiles [1]Fig.1. H.264 Profiles [1]•A codec is a device or computer program which encodes and/or decodes a signal or digital data stream.•H.264 is a block-oriented motion compensation-based codec standard•An H.264 video encoder carries out prediction, transform and encoding processes to produce a compressed H.264 bit stream. The block diagram of the H.264 video encoder is shown in Fig 1.•A decoder carries out a complementary process by decoding, inverse transform and reconstruction to output a decoded video sequence. The block diagram of the H.264 video decoder is shown in Fig 2. How does the H.264 codec work?H.264 Encoder Block Diagram [1]H.264 Decoder Block Diagram [1]•Received bitstream is entropy decoded and rearranged to produce a set of quantized coefficients. These are rescaled and inverse transformed to give a difference macroblock.•Using the header information decoded from the bit stream, a prediction macroblock P is created and added to the difference macroblock. The result is filtered to create a decoded macroblock.•Variable block-size motion compensation with small block sizes•Quarter-sample-accurate motion compensation•Multiple reference picture motion compensation•Weighted prediction•Improved “skipped” and “direct” motion inference•Directional spatial prediction for intra coding•In-the-loop deblocking filtering•Context-adaptive entropy coding•Flexible slice size•Flexible macroblock ordering (FMO)Some highlighted features [2] of H.264 video codecIntra-prediction [1], [3]•A technique of extrapolating the edges of the previously decoded parts of the current picture and is applied in regions of pictures that are coded as intra.•H.264 uses the methods of predicting intra-coded macroblocks to reduce the high amount of bits coded by original input signal itself.•A prediction block is formed based on previously reconstructed (unfiltered for deblocking) blocks.•Residual signal between the current block and the prediction is finally encoded.•One mode is selected from a total of 9 for each 4x4 and 8x8 luma blocks; 4 modes for a 16x16 luma block; and 4 modes for each chroma blocks.Intra-prediction Modes [4]Fig. 5 16x16 Intra prediction modes [4]Fig.4 4x4 intra prediction modes [4]•It includes motion estimation (ME) and motion compensation (MC).•ME/MC performs prediction. A predicted version of a rectangular array of pixels is generated by choosing another similarly sized rectangular array of pixels from previously decoded reference picture.•Reference array is translated to the position of current rectangular array to compensate for the motion in the video stream.•Different sizes of arrays for luma: 4x4, 4x8, 8x4, 8x8, 16x8, 8x16, 16x16 pixels.Inter-prediction [1],[14] Fig. 6 Macro block partitions: 16x16, 8x16, 16x8, 8x8 [14]Fig.7 Sub-Macro block partitions: 8x8, 4x8, 8x4, 4x4 [14]JM reference software [12]•The JM reference software is used for implementation of the H.264 codec.•The software package consists of configuration files, viz., encoder.cfg and decoder.cfg through which various input parameters like input sequence, frame rate, video resolution of the input sequence, bit rate, quantization parameter, profile to be used etc. can be set.•The command used under command prompt to execute the H.264 encoder is: lencod.exe -f encoder.cfg•encoder.cfg is parsed to get all the input parameters set by the user.•JM software version used for testing: JM 17.2•Latest version available: JM 18.0Test Sequencescarphone_cif.yuvcarphone_qcif.yuvakiyo_cif.yuvakiyo_qcif.yuvcontainer_cif.yuvcontainer_qcif.yuvResults obtained using original JM 17.2 reference softwareakiyo_qcif, 30 FPS, 30 Frames encodedResults obtained using original JM 17.2 reference softwarecarphone_qcif, 30 FPS, 30 Frames encodedResults obtained using original JM 17.2 reference softwarecontainer_qcif, 30 FPS, 30 Frames encodedResults obtained using original JM 17.2 reference softwareakiyo_cif, 30 FPS, 30 Frames encodedResults obtained using original JM 17.2 reference softwarecarphone_cif, 30 FPS, 30 Frames encodedResults obtained using original JM 17.2 reference softwarecontainer_cif, 30 FPS, 30 Frames encoded•Motion estimation in H.264 takes about 60 to 70 percent of the total encoding time.•Mode selection for intra and inter prediction results in considerable amount of computation and memory access. •In RD optimization, all the modes are checked and then the best one with the least rate distortion cost is selected. This increases coding efficiency; but, price to pay is increased computational complexity.•592 RDO calculations by H.264/AVC encoder for intra prediction: To select the best mode for one macro block.•Increase in the computational complexity poses implementation limitations, especially on handheld devices, with limited battery-life.Need of fast mode decision•The complexity in mode selection for


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UT Arlington EE 5359 - PROJECT PRESENTATION

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