Principles of Chemistry II © Vanden BoutMore OrganicTodayReview hydrocarbonsFunctional GroupsCondensation ReactionBiopolymersPrinciples of Chemistry II © Vanden BoutHow many carbons and hydrogens in the following?A. 6 C, 14 HB. 6 C, 15 HC. 6 C, 16 HD. 7 C, 15 HE. 7 C, 14 H3H3H3H2H1H1H1HPrinciples of Chemistry II © Vanden BoutOther side-chainsHalogensF FluoroCl ChloroBr BromoI IodoOH grouphydroxyNH2 groupaminoBenzene RingphenylPrinciples of Chemistry II © Vanden BoutCyclic Hydrocarbonsthe carbon chain connects back to itselfcyclobutanePrinciples of Chemistry II © Vanden BoutStructural Isomershexane (C6H14)doc camPrinciples of Chemistry II © Vanden BoutNomenclature with functional groupPut the number by before the functional group suffixyou'll be understood1 buteneIUPACname but-1-eneyou'll be tested on this onePrinciples of Chemistry II © Vanden BoutName this compoundA. 2-methyl pent-5-eneB. 2-methyl hex-3-eneC. 1,1-dimethyl pent-2-eneD. 5-methyl hex-3-eneE. 5-methyl hex-4-enePrinciples of Chemistry II © Vanden BoutDienesTwo double bonds5 carbon chain, parent pentano side chainstwo double bonds dieneposition 1 and 3penta-1,3-dienePrinciples of Chemistry II © Vanden BoutAlkyneCarbon Carbon Triple BondSuffix -yne2 methyl hex-3-yne123456Principles of Chemistry II © Vanden BoutOther functional groupsRR = Generic representation of the rest of the moleculeOHfunctional group-OH group is an alcoholsuffix is -olCommonEthanolPrinciples of Chemistry II © Vanden BoutName this compoundA. heptan-2-olB. hexan-4-olC. 2-ethylbutan-1-olD. 2-ethylpentan-1-olE. hexan-3-olOHPrinciples of Chemistry II © Vanden BoutKetoneRcarbon double bonded to an oxygenbonded to carbons on either sidesuffix is -oneCORCommonAcetone(nail polish remover)Principles of Chemistry II © Vanden BoutWhich of the following is a ketone?A. AB. BC. CD. A & BE. all threeOOOOA B Cbutan-3-oneHPrinciples of Chemistry II © Vanden BoutAldehydeRcarbon double bonded to an oxygenbonded to carbon on one side (like a ketone at the end of a chain)suffix is -alCOHCommonFormaldehyde(Fetal Pig Storage)Principles of Chemistry II © Vanden BoutName this compoundA. hex-3-enalB. hex-3-en-1-alC. hex-3-en-6-alD. hex-6-al-3-eneE. hexene6-3-alONo need to number aldehydeits always at the endH shown to emphasize thefunctional groupHPrinciples of Chemistry II © Vanden BoutCarboxylic AcidRcarbon double bonded to an oxygenbonded to carbon on one side OH on the other sidesuffix is -oic acidCOOHCommonAcetic Acid(vinegar)Principles of Chemistry II © Vanden BoutName this compoundA. methanoic acidB. ethanoic acidC. propanoic acidD. 3 hydroxy propan-2-oneE. propanolOHNo need to number carboxylic acidits always at the endthis compound is alsocommonly known as acetic acidOPrinciples of Chemistry II © Vanden BoutEsterRcarbon double bonded to an oxygenbonded to carbon on one side OR on the other sidesuffix is -oic acidCOOCommonlots of flavoringsR'Principles of Chemistry II © Vanden BoutName this compoundA. ethyl butanoateB. butyl methanoateC. methyl heptanoateD. butyl ethanoateE. pentyl ethanoateONo need to number estername the two sidespart with the carboxyl (C=O)is the parentother part is like the side chainOPrinciples of Chemistry II © Vanden BoutEtherRcarbon oxygen in the middle of the chainsuffix is -etherODiethyl Ether(knocks you out)R'Principles of Chemistry II © Vanden BoutOTreat as two "side chains"methyl ethyl etherPrinciples of Chemistry II © Vanden BoutPrimary AmineR NH2-NH2 group is an aminesuffix is -aminePrinciples of Chemistry II © Vanden BoutAmideRcarbon double bonded to an oxygenbonded to carbon on one side N on the other sidesuffix is -amideCONR'R"Principles of Chemistry II © Vanden BoutNaming amide Treat part with C=O as parentparts on the N as sidechainsONH2pentanamideONN-ethyl-N-methylpentanamidePrinciples of Chemistry II © Vanden BoutNH2OOONAmineEtherKetoneAmidePrinciples of Chemistry II © Vanden BoutOHOOOAlcoholCarboxylic AcidEsterAlkeneOHOHPrinciples of Chemistry II © Vanden BoutImportant Reaction for BiochemistryFormation of an AmideThe don't call them functional groups for nothingCarboxylic AcidRCOOHPrimary AmineNHR'HPrinciples of Chemistry II © Vanden BoutCarboxylic AcidRCOOHPrimary AmineNHR'HAmide + WaterRCONR'H+ H2OPrinciples of Chemistry II © Vanden BoutAmino AcidCCOOHRH2NCarboxylic End and Amine EndCan react with itself (or similar molecules) in a chainPrinciples of Chemistry II © Vanden BoutPolypeptideTwo distinct endsN-terminus is an amineC-terminus is a carboxylic acidPrinciples of Chemistry II © Vanden BoutCarboxylic AcidRCOOHAlcoholOHR'Ester + WaterRCOOR'+ H2OPrinciples of Chemistry II
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