Crustal DeformationConvergent plate boundary• http://my.execpc.com/~acmelasr/mountains/geogramsnf.html• Where plates CONVERGE, water is driven off the subducting plate, and added to the overlying lithosphere• This water acts as a FLUX to reduce the melting temperature, and cause hot solid rock to melt without a change in temperature• The lithosphere here is continental (granitic) in character, and the magma generated is GRANITIC (felsic) in chemical composition.Plate Tectonic Settings and MagmaTectonic environment of Magma• Draw a diagram showing the relationship of tectonic plate interaction and the location of magma formation. Indicate the chemistry of the magma likely to form.Oceanic basin tectonics• http://my.execpc.com/~acmelasr/mountains/geogramsnf.htmlPlate Tectonic Settings and Magma• The type of magma generated in different plate tectonic settings is different• DIVERGENT PLATES and MANTLE PLUMES produce magma by partial melting of mantle material due to pressure release• This magma is BASALTIC (mafic) in chemical composition, and the resulting volcanism has distinct characteristics.Passive continent-to-ocean lithosphere transition• http://www.odp.usyd.edu.au/odp_CD/slope/slindex2.htmlDuctile and brittle deformationhttp://www.geology.wisc.edu/courses/g112/lecture3.htmlIsoclinal foldshttp://www.uwsp.edu/geo/faculty/hefferan/geol320/folds.htmlfoldshttp://www-class.unl.edu/geol101i/09_structural.htmMountain of foldsNames of fold typessynclinehttp://www.whbschools.org/Teachers/Cohen/sciweb/earthscience/geologichistory/folding.htmTight v foldshttp://www.uwsp.edu/geo/faculty/hefferan/geol320/folds.htmlRecumbent anticlinehttp://home.barton.ac.uk/curriculum/sc_env/geology/Structural%20Geology/RecumAnt.htmMonoclineSan Rafael Swell monoclinehttp://www.eas.purdue.edu/physproc/HTM%20Files/monoclines.htmPlunging fold geometryPlunging fold outcrop patternPlunging anticlinehttp://www.geosciences.ou.edu/~msoreg/structure/structureintro.htmlSheep mtn: doubly plunging aniclinehttp://www.geology.wisc.edu/~rschott/g112/lecture3.htmlGeologic map of the UShttp://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/of00-443/Legend for Tapestry of Time and Terrain Maphttp://tapestry.usgs.gov/ages/ages.htmlValley and Ridge Provincehttp://tapestry.usgs.gov/features/06valleyridge.htmlBlack hills domehttp://tapestry.usgs.gov/features/16blackhills.htmlDrawing of Black Hillshttp://www.dakotamatrix.com/South_Dakota_Geology.aspMichigan Basinhttp://tapestry.usgs.gov/features/09michigan.htmlWe are up to the 4th number of your V#At this time, press the fourth digit of your v #Such as, if your number is V00123456, you would press ‘4’Do not go on to the next digit until I go to the next slideIf you make a mistake, reenter the proper number before we go on to the next slide If you didn’t get an entry, enter the proper one for this slide, not the one for the previous slideDo not push the GO button for any reason!!Input the 5th digit nowAt this time, press the next to last digit of your v #Such as, if your number is V00123456, you would press ‘5’Do not go on to the next digit until I go to the next slideIf you make a mistake, reenter the proper number If you didn’t get an entry, enter the proper one for this slide, not the one for the previous slideDo not push the GO button for any reason!!Input the LAST DIGIT of your v # with the clickersAt this time, press the 6th digit of your v #Such as, if your number is V00123456, you would press ‘6’Do not go on to the next digit until I go to the next slideIf you make a mistake, reenter the proper number If you didn’t get an entry, enter the proper one for this slide, not the one for the previous slideDo not push the GO button for any reason!!Type of fold with older rocks in the center, usually of arched geometry1234520% 20% 20%20%20%1. Anticline2. Basin3. Dome4. Recumbent5. SynclineType of fold with younger rocks in the center, usually of trough geometry1234520% 20% 20%20%20%1. Anticline2. Basin3. Dome4. Recumbent5. SynclineRegional deformation with older rocks in the center, dipping away from center1234520% 20% 20%20%20%1. Anticline2. Basin3. Dome4. Recumbent5. SynclineRegional deformation w/younger rocksin the center, dipping toward center1234520% 20% 20%20%20%1. Anticline2. Basin3. Dome4. Recumbent5. SynclineType of fold with limbs arranged so that one is on top of the other: overturned1234520% 20% 20%20%20%1. Anticline2. Basin3. Dome4. Recumbent5. SynclineSmall normal fault grabenhttp://www.aucegypt.edu/faculty/hamroush/CE331/CE331-%20Rock%20Deformation%20and%20Unconformities.htmNormal fault formationNormal faultSmall normal faulthttp://www.uwsp.edu/geo/faculty/hefferan/geol320/normalfaults.htmlNormal faultshttp://www.geology.wisc.edu/courses/g112/lecture3.htmlBasin and Range Provincehttp://tapestry.usgs.gov/features/22basinrange.htmlBasin and range faultingDetachment faultinghttp://www.uwsp.edu/geo/faculty/hefferan/geol320/normalfaults.htmlComplex normal faultinghttp://www.uwsp.edu/geo/faculty/hefferan/geol320/normalfaults.htmlOwens Valley grabenhttp://www.uwgb.edu/dutchs/EarthSC202Slides/EQKSLIDE.HTMEast Humboldt Range Horsthttp://www.uwgb.edu/dutchs/EarthSC202Slides/EQKSLIDE.HTMscarphttp://www.geosci.unc.edu/faculty/glazner/Images/Structure/Faults.htmlReverse fault formationReverse faulthttp://www.uwsp.edu/geo/faculty/ritter/glossary/o_r/reverse_fault.htmlThrust fault formationsmall thrust faulthttp://earth.leeds.ac.uk/assyntgeology/geology/deformation/gallery/thrust1.htmRegional thrust faulthttp://complabs.nevada.edu/~jkula/Geowna.htmlStrike-slip fault formationOffset streamSan Andreas Fault stream offsethttp://www.geology.wisc.edu/courses/g112/lecture3.htmlStrike slip faultSan Andreas Fault orchard offsethttp://www.geology.wisc.edu/courses/g112/lecture3.htmlSan Francisco offsethttp://quake.wr.usgs.gov/info/1906/images/fenceoffset_big.htmlTectonics of Western North AmericaSan Andreas Fault SystemJoint set in flat-lying sandstonehttp://www.geology.wisc.edu/~maher/air/air05.htmSingle joint sethttp://maps.unomaha.edu/Maher/geo117/part3/structures/structureatlas.htmlJoints at Moabhttp://www.ce.berkeley.edu/~nsitar/ce281/Sierra%20Nevada%202000/Attitude%20Measurement%20Lake%20Spaulding.jpgBryce Canyon, Utahhttp://www.cs.biu.ac.il/~plot/USA/Exfoliation jointinghttp://www.ic.ucsc.edu/~casey/eart150/Lectures/Joints/JointsPics.htmlExfoliation domehttp://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~millerm/exjoints.htmlExfoliation joint
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