1Molecular Evolution and Ecology1. Life on Earth2. Endosymbiosis Theory3. Molecular Phylogenies4. “Tree of Life”5. Molecular Ecology23BacteriaArchaeaABCAA universally conservedBB length conserved sequence variableCC neither sequence nor length conserved451. Collect water orsoil sample containingbacteria and archaea.2. Lyse cells andpurify DNA.3. Use universal primersto amplify rRNA genesin sample by PCR.4. Purify rRNA genes on a gel, Then separate them by inserting individual rDNAs into plasmids.5. Insert plasmids into E.coli cells. The cells grow rapidly to produce millions of copies of each rDNA.6. Purify rDNAfrom plasmids.…AGGCTTACCGTAAC...7. Sequence rDNA;compare to knownsequences.DNADNADNADNADNADNAPCRDNA DNADNADNADNADNAMolecular Diversity of Bacteria and
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