Second Half of Russia PresentationSlide 2Slide 3Slide 4Slide 5Slide 6Slide 7Slide 8Slide 9Slide 10Slide 11Slide 12Slide 13Slide 14Slide 15Slide 16Slide 17Slide 18Slide 19Slide 20Slide 21Slide 22Slide 23Slide 24Slide 25Slide 26Second Half of Russia PresentationKelli BennetCarly GarrisonJosh OvercashJoseph WilliamsMelissa WilliamsSocial StratificationoSocial Stratification was viewed from two different perspectivesi.Antagonistic social classesii.Various groups of people who have relatively similar levels of political power, privilege and prestige.oConcept of social class was based on Marxist theoryDefined especially by a person’s relations to the means of production. oSince 1936, the Soviet Union has been defined as a socialist societyProperty and the distribution of wealth are subject to control by the communitySocial ClassStratification of ClassTwo recognized classes:1. Working classoLaborers and Farmers2. IntelligentsiaoNon-Laborers, Clerical and Administrative jobsThe Elite ClassoPoliticiansoManagers of the largest production enterprisesoDirectors of educational, research and medical establishmentsoSenior military officialsFirst three decade: upward mobility depended on meeting certain political requirements. Often promotions were based entirely on political criteria, at the expense of technical or other qualificationsSocial MobilityIn the USSR, social mobility was based on different principles at different stages of developmentoAs the system matured, greater emphasis was put on education as a principle for advancement, and the society move more closely to meritocratic principlesMeritocratic: system of government or another organization wherein appointments are made and responsibilities are give based on demonstrated ability and talent rather then by wealth, family connections, class privilege, popularity, or other historical determinants of social positions and political poweroDue to the ability of the intelligentsia to be more able to provide higher education, the intelligentsia became more self-recruiting. Thus, the more industrial the society became, the more rigid became the system of stratificationSocialMobilityoPay differentialsi.Manual workers usually have six grades in their pay scale (Anywhere from 70 rubles per month to 210 rubles per month)ii.Elite Class: Ranges from 600 rubles per month to 2000 rubles per month.oChanges in social structurei.The political revolution of 1917, was followed by an induces industrial revolution •Huge rise in employment•Higher access to education•Return on society rose•Higher rates in continuing educationHealth CareEducationoEducation is centrally plannedoThere are 2 ministries in charge1. The Ministry of Education2. The Ministry of Higher and Secondary Specialized EducationPre School EducationoDay nursery for children 6 months to 3yearsoNursery School or kindergarten for children 3 to 6 or 7 years old.oUsually atended by children of urban familiesoParents paid an income-related sum for meals and for optional foreign-language teachings.oEmphasis on “upbringing” (how to act, how to interact, etc)General EducationHigher EducationKinshipMethod for Namingo A person has a given name at birth: first, middle, and lastoFrom the given first name, there are 3 more types of names1. Diminutive form –what the father would say2. Endearing form –what the mother would say3. Pejorative form –what friends would sayoThe middle name is a patronymic name from the father.o The last name is the family name and replaces the female’s last name at marriage.Russian FamilyoTo Russians, family is extremely important. oThe familial unit is dependent on one another.oUrban families tend to be smaller and may live in apartments with 2 to 3 generations residing in a small space.oRural families tend to be largeoBoth believe in the idea of the extended family, incorporating babushkas and dadushkas (grandmothers and grandfathers) into their daily living.oThe elderly are treated with the utmost respect, even if they are not the grandparents of the person.oAverage family size is 3oNational population crisisoInfertile: abortionoPovertyRussian FamilyoWomen are ½ the active workforce (34.9 million)oEarn 1/3 what men earnoSpecific fieldsoLegally, equal rightsoCredit, educationo“Personal dignity” (rape)oVersus religious?Status of WomenStatus of WomenoPregnant women; women with childrenoMarriage: 18, some circumstances 16oPolygyny is officially illegaloTraditionally monogamousoMuslim areas (Chechnya, Ingushetia, Dagestan); toleratedoZhirinovsky & legalization Status of WomenoDowry traditional; ¼ father’s worthoNot practiced todayoStill have traditions:o“ransom of the bride”osharing the loafowedding feastWedding TraditionsoProstitutionoLittle optionsoYoung ageoInternationalStatus of WomenShort Quiz1. Russia was formerly known as which of the below during the Communist rule?A. Confederation of RussiansB. U.S.S.R.C. United Society of CommunismD. The Big Red2. Russia’s population is…A. Growing, but slowlyB. Growing rapidlyC. Declining3. This religion is not found in a majority of RussiaA.ChristianityB.JudaismC.SikhismD.Islam4. Russian’s middle names come from which family memberA.MotherB.FatherC.AuntD.Grandfather5. On average, women are paid in what percentage to menA.1/4 B.5/4C.1/3D.1/2htp://libweb.hawaii.edu/libdept/russian/album/slideshow.htm (multiple)htp://www.un.int/russia/new/MainRoot/newrussiaen/religionen.htmhtp://www.jamd.com/image/g/72953870?partner=Google&epmid=1htp://www.bestwaytoinvest.com/UserFiles/Image/Russia-c.jpghtp://www.clearharmony.net/a_images/2006/05/2006-05-15-russia-family.jpg (multiple)htp://campus.belmont.edu/honors/Virgins/16thRusVirgSign.jpghtp://democraticpiece.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/russ0001.thumbnail.GIFhtp://www.bellona.no/imagearchive/de7c7e0044f63d97 (multiple)htp://www.panchjanya.com/8-10-2000/putin11.jpghtp://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/portugal/pt02_04b.jpghtp://www.odyssei.com/travel-gallery/76252.html (multiple)htp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia (multiple)Picture SourcesMel Williamshttp://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4701633.stmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politics_of_Russia“How do you create a sense of shared identity in a country divided by race, language, and religion?” (Robert Parsons-New Bill on National Identity)Russian Public Opinion Research Center CIA Fact