IntelligenceDefining IntelligenceWho is intelligent?Measuring the MindSlide 5Slide 6General IntelligenceSlide 8Multiple IntelligencesMore on IntelligencePowerPoint PresentationSlide 12Slide 13Slide 14EugenicsIntelligenceChapter 10Defining IntelligenceDefining Intelligence•Intelligence: Internal ability accounting for individual differences in mental test performance and enabling us to adapt to ever-changing environmentsKey Elements: Adaptation to the environment Individual differences Internal abilityWho is intelligent?Who is intelligent?Measuring the MindMeasuring the Mind•Psychometric Approach The use of psychological tests to measure the mind Sir Francis Galton-- Sensory CapacityMeasuring the MindMeasuring the Mind•Binet & Simon Developed the first intelligence test Intelligence has something to do with abstract thinking-- Differs by cultureMeasuring the MindMeasuring the Mind•Psychometric Approach Spearman’s Findingsa. General Intelligence-- Accounts for the overall differences in intellect among peopleb. Specific Abilities-- Particular ability level in a narrow domainGeneral IntelligenceGeneral Intelligence•Broken down into 2 components:1. Fluid Intelligence-- Natural ability to solve problems -- Relatively uninfluenced by experience-- Decreases with ageGeneral IntelligenceGeneral Intelligence•Broken down into 2 components:2. Crystallized Intelligence-- Knowledge and abilities gained by experience-- Increases throughout adulthoodMultiple Multiple IntelligencesIntelligences•Idea that people vary in their ability levels across different domains of intellectual skill•Triarchic Model1. Analytical Intelligence2. Practical Intelligence 3. Creative IntelligenceMore on IntelligenceMore on Intelligence•Intelligence correlates negatively with reaction time•Scores on working memory tasks are positively correlated with scores on intelligence tests•Intelligence is more localized to certain areas of the cortex than othersStanford-Binet Intelligence Quotient (IQ)IQ TestIQ Test-- Single number that reveals intelligence-- Purpose: predict academic performance(Mental Age in Years/Actual Age in Years) x 100 = IQIQ TestIQ Test-- Mental Age: your current intelligence levelExample-- 10-year-old-- Intellectual performance of a 5-year-oldAnswer: 5/10= .5x 100= 50The IQ of people with average intelligence:IQ TestIQ Test-- 15-year-old girl-- Intellectual performance of a 15-year-old girlAnswer: 30/30 = 1 x 100 = 100Deviation IQDeviation IQEugenicsEugenics•IQ testing in the US became a means of identifying adults deemed intellectually inferior•Low IQs of many immigrants led to a social movement called eugenics•Eugenics and immigration•Eugenics and
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