Health Disparities and Culturally Competent CareDeterminants of HealthHealth DisparityHealth DisparitiesSlide 5QuestionSlide 7Slide 8CultureSlide 10Cultural CompetenceCultural AwarenessCultural KnowledgeCultural SkillCultural EncounterCultural Diversity in the Health Care WorkplaceSlide 17Cultural Factors Affecting Health and Health CareSlide 19Slide 20Slide 21Slide 22Slide 23Nursing Management: Reducing Health Disparities and Increasing Cultural CompetencySlide 25Slide 26Slide 27Health Disparities and Culturally Competent CareNSG 326 AH I – Week #7Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.Determinants of Health2Fig. 2-1. Determinants of health. Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.Health DisparityDifference in the incidence, prevalence, mortality rate, & burden of disease that exist among specific population groups in the United States.Affect population groups based on gender, age, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, geography, sexual orientation, disability, or special health needsHealth Disparities Factors and Conditions Leading to Health DisparitiesRace, ethnicity, and cultureGeographic locationIncome, education, and occupationGenderAge Health care provider attitudeHealth LiteracyCopyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.4Health Disparities 5Fig. 2-2. Percent of adults (based on ethnicity) in the United States who have no regular doctor. Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.QuestionState an example for how health can be influenced + & - by each of the determinants. Think in broad terms!1. Medical2. Behavioral3. Social Circumstances4. Environment5. GeneticsQuestionShare your perceptions of the health statusOur Wilmington Community? Your home town? The UNCW campus community?What factors contribute to your perception?Health Disparities 8Fig. 2-3. Older Asian women are especially at risk for health disparities. Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.Culture9Table 2-2. Basic Characteristics of Culture. Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.Culture10Fig. 2-4. Members of this family share a common heritage. Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.Cultural CompetenceCultural CompetenceAbility to understand, appreciate, & work with individuals from cultures other than your own.Awareness & acceptance of cultural differencesFour components:Cultural awarenessCultural knowledgeCultural skillCultural encounter11Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.Cultural AwarenessAbility to understand unique cultural needs of your patientsCultural KnowledgeProcess of learning key aspects of a group’s cultureHealth and health care practices especially importantPatients are usually the best source of information about their cultureCultural SkillAbility to collect relevant cultural dataPerforming cultural assessmentCultural EncounterDirect cross-cultural interactions between people from culturally diverse backgroundsExtended contact with a culture group may enhance understanding of values & beliefs of groupCultural Diversity in the Health Care Workplace16Fig. 2-5. Nurses working together in a multicultural health care environment. Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.Cultural Diversity in the Health Care Workplace17Fig. 2-6. Co-workers from different cultures communicate with verbal and nonverbal cues. Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.Cultural Factors Affecting Health and Health CareFolk HealersSpirituality and ReligionCross-Cultural Communication18Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.Cultural Factors Affecting Health and Health CareTime OrientationLanguage & CommunicationEconomic FactorsHearth Care SystemBeliefs & PracticesCultural Factors Affecting Health and Health CareFamily Roles and Relationships20Fig. 2-7. Family roles and relationships differ from one culture to another. Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.Cultural Factors Affecting Health and Health CarePersonal SpaceTouchNutritionImmigrants and Immigration21Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.Cultural Factors Affecting Health and Health Care22Fig. 2-8. Recently arrived immigrants participate in a common American pastime. Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.Cultural Factors Affecting Health and Health CareMedicationsPsychologic Factors23Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.Nursing Management:Reducing Health Disparities and Increasing Cultural CompetencyNurse’s Self-AssessmentPatient Assessment24Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.Nursing Management:Reducing Health Disparities and Increasing Cultural CompetencyNursing ImplementationAdvocacyHow can you advocate for your patient?25Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.Nursing Management:Reducing Health Disparities and Increasing Cultural Competency26Fig. 2-9. A Navajo nurse instructs a Navajo patient. Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.Nursing Management:Reducing Health Disparities and Increasing Cultural CompetencyNursing Implementation, continuedStandardized guidelinesCommunication27Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier
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