Monday, Jan. 14, 2002 PHYS 1443-501, Spring 2002Dr. Jaehoon Yu1PHYS 1443 – Section 501Lecture #1Monday, Jan. 14, 2002Dr. Jaehoon Yu1. Basic Information and Organization2. What is Physics?3. What do we want from this class?4. Standard Units5. Building Blocks of Matter6. Dimension and Dimensional Analysis7. Significant Figures and UncertaintiesMonday, Jan. 14, 2002 PHYS 1443-501, Spring 2002Dr. Jaehoon Yu2Who am I?• Name: Dr. Jaehoon Yu (You can call me Dr. Yu)• Office: Rm 242, Science Hall• Extension: x2814, E-mail: [email protected]• My profession:High Energy Physics– Collide particles (protons on anti-protons or electrons on anti-electrons, positrons) at the energies equivalent to 10,000 Trillion degrees– To understand• Fundamental constituents of matter• Interactions or forces between the constituents• Creation of Universe (Big Bang Theory)– A pure scientific research activity• Direct use of the fundamental laws we find may take longer than we want but • Indirect product of research contribute to every day lives; eg. WWWMonday, Jan. 14, 2002 PHYS 1443-501, Spring 2002Dr. Jaehoon Yu3Information & Communication Source• My web page: http://www-hep.uta.edu/~yu/– Contact information & Class Schedule– Syllabus– Holidays and Exam days– Evaluation Policy– Class Style & homework– Contact Information– Other information• Would like a PHYS1443-501 e-mail distribution list for fast and efficient communication. Any volunteer?Monday, Jan. 14, 2002 PHYS 1443-501, Spring 2002Dr. Jaehoon Yu4Monday, Jan. 14, 2002 PHYS 1443-501, Spring 2002Dr. Jaehoon Yu5Monday, Jan. 14, 2002 PHYS 1443-501, Spring 2002Dr. Jaehoon Yu6Monday, Jan. 14, 2002 PHYS 1443-501, Spring 2002Dr. Jaehoon Yu7Monday, Jan. 14, 2002 PHYS 1443-501, Spring 2002Dr. Jaehoon Yu8Homework and Class Style• Homework Assignments– Solving chapter problems is the only way to comprehend class material––Your own responsibilityYour own responsibility– I will go through a few selected problems in the next class as time permits– But it might change depending on your performances.••Attendance is your responsibilityAttendance is your responsibility– You are adults now, so you should be responsible for yourselves• Class style:– Will do as much as I can in electronic media– Will be mixed with traditional methods– Questions and discussion are STRONGLYSTRONGLY encouraged• Need volunteers to take care of the projectorMonday, Jan. 14, 2002 PHYS 1443-501, Spring 2002Dr. Jaehoon Yu9Why do Physics?• To understand nature through experimental observations and measurements (Research)• Establish limited number of fundamental laws, usually with mathematical expressions• Predict the nature’s course? Theory and Experiment work hand-in-hand? Theory works generally under restricted conditions? Discrepancies between experimental measurements and theory are good for improvements? Improves our everyday lives, though some laws can take a while till we see amongst usExp.{Theory {Monday, Jan. 14, 2002 PHYS 1443-501, Spring 2002Dr. Jaehoon Yu10What do we want from this class?• Physics is everywhere around you.• Understand the fundamental principles that surrounds you in everyday lives…• Identify what law of physics applies to what phenomena…• Understand the impact of such physical laws• Learn how to research and analyze what you observe.• Learn how to express observations and measurements in mathematical language.• Learn how to express your research in systematic manner in writing• I don’t want you to be scared of PHYSICS!!!• It really is nothing but a description of nature in mathematicallanguage for ease of useMonday, Jan. 14, 2002 PHYS 1443-501, Spring 2002Dr. Jaehoon Yu11Brief History of Physics• AD 18thcentury:– Newton’s Classical Mechanics: A theory of mechanics based on observations and measurements• AD 19thCentury:– Electricity, Magnetism, and Thermodynamics• Late AD 19thand early 20thcentury (Modern Physics Era)– Einstein’s theory of relativity: Generalized theory of space, time, and energy (mechanics)– Quantum Mechanics: Theory of atomic phenomena• Physics has come very far, very fast, and is still progressing, yet we’ve got a long way to go – What is matter made of?– How do matters get mass?– How and why do matters interact with each other?– How is universe created?Monday, Jan. 14, 2002 PHYS 1443-501, Spring 2002Dr. Jaehoon Yu12Needs for Standards and Units• Base quantities for physical measurements– Length, Mass, and Time• Need a language that everyone can understand each other– Consistency is crucial for physical measurements– The same quantity measured by one must be comprehendible and reproducible by others– Practical matters contribute• A system of unit called SISI (International System of units in French) established in 1960– Length in meters (m)– Mass in kilo-grams (kg)– Time in seconds (s)Monday, Jan. 14, 2002 PHYS 1443-501, Spring 2002Dr. Jaehoon Yu13Definition of Base UnitsThe second is the duration of 9,192,631,770 periods of the radiation corresponding to the transition between the two hyperfine levels of the ground state of the Cesium 133 (C133) atom.1 s (Time)It is equal to the mass of the international prototype of the kilogram, made of platinum-iridium in International Bureau of Weights and Measure in France. 1 kg (Mass) = 1000 gThe meter is the length of the path traveled by light in vacuum during a time interval of 1/299,792,458 of a second.1 m (Length) = 100 cmDefinitionsSI Units•There are prefixes that scales the units larger or smaller for convenience (see pg. 7)•Units for other quantities, such as Kelvins for temperature, for easiness of useMonday, Jan. 14, 2002 PHYS 1443-501, Spring 2002Dr. Jaehoon Yu14International Standard Institutes• International Bureau of Weights and Measure http://www.bipm.fr/– Base unit definitions: http://www.bipm.fr/enus/3_SI/base_units.html– Unit Conversions: http://www.bipm.fr/enus/3_SI/• US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) http://www.nist.gov/Monday, Jan. 14, 2002 PHYS 1443-501, Spring 2002Dr. Jaehoon Yu15Monday, Jan. 14, 2002 PHYS 1443-501, Spring 2002Dr. Jaehoon Yu16U.S. National Institute of Standards and TechnologyMonday, Jan. 14, 2002 PHYS 1443-501, Spring 2002Dr. Jaehoon Yu17Building Blocks of Matters, Density, and Avogadro’s Number• Matter can be sliced to its fundamental constituents– Matter ? Molecule ? Atom
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