1Affirmative ActionPart IINational Patterns in Education2High School Drop OutsHigh School Drop Outs0.05.010.015.020.025.030.035.040.01970 1974 1978 1982 1986 1990 1994 1998white NH black NH Hispanicsource: National Center for Education StatisticsHS Grads in college racePercent of HS grads 16-24 in college the October after HS graduationSource: Current Population Survey(5-period averages)20253035404550556065701972 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996white black hispanic3HS grads in college IncomePercent of HS grads 16-24 in college the October after HS graduationSource: Current Population Survey(3-period averages)01020304050607080901972 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996Low Med HiIncome Level:UW Data4Race of Domestic UW Students Compared to State PopulationAfricanAm AsianAm AmerInd Hisp/Latino White NHPopulation proportion in 2000 (all ages) WI 5.9% 2.0% 0.9% 3.9% 87.3%% of domestic students 2.0% 4.4% 0.5% 2.4% 90.7%ratio college to population 0.34 2.19 0.58 0.61 1.04WI % of top qtr 1.8% 1.8% 0.4% 1.2% 94.8%WI % of top half 2.5% 2.0% 0.5% 1.5% 93.4%WI % of core 2.7% 2.1% 0.5% 1.4% 93.3%ratio top qtr 1.10 2.43 1.30 1.99 0.96ratio top half 0.79 2.19 1.04 1.60 0.97ratio core 0.73 2.08 1.04 1.71 0.97Nat % top qtr 6.5% 4.1% 0.1% 4.7% 83.6%Nat % top half 9.0% 3.6% 1.1% 5.3% 81.0%Nat % core 10.1% 4.0% 1.0% 5.3% 79.6%Race of UW by time AllRace of UW Undergrads0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%1988-89 1989-90 1990-91 1991-92 1992-93 1993-94 1994-95 1995-96 1996-97 1997-98 1998-99African AmerAs i a n Am e rAmerican IndianHispanic/ LatinoWhite/ OtherInter- nationalProportion white has declined, cannot distinguish minorities in this plot.5Race by Time, UW Students of ColorRace of UW Undergrads0%1%1%2%2%3%3%4%4%5%5%1988-89 1989-90 1990-91 1991-92 1992-93 1993-94 1994-95 1995-96 1996-97 1997-98 1998-99Afri ca n Am e rAs i a n Am erAmerican IndianHispanic/ LatinoWhite/ OtherInter- nationalInternational Students account for the largest increase, followed by Asian AmericansWhite as total % and of domesticRace of UW Undergrads80%82%84%86%88%90%92%94%96%98%100%1988-89 1989-90 1990-91 1991-92 1992-93 1993-94 1994-95 1995-96 1996-97 1997-98 1998-99Afr ican Am e rAs i an Am erAmerican IndianHispanic/ LatinoWhite/ OtherInter- nationalWhite as % of DomesticWhite decline as percentage of domestic students is more modest, fromAlmost 94% to about 91%.6Wisconsin Freshman Enrollees 1998• 94% White non-Hispanic, 6% all minorities combined• Proportion from Wisconsin: 67% of whites, 66% of minorities• Proportion minority is the same for Wisconsin vs. out-of-statePercentage of Applicants AdmittedUW Madison Freshman 199883.9%75.0%Out of State80.4%72.5%WisconsinMinorityWhiteProportion of admitted students who enroll is 62% for Wisconsin,31% for out-of-state, does not vary by white vs. minority.7Plan 2008 Goals• THE SEVEN GOALS OF UW-SYSTEM'S PLAN 2008, UW REGENTS MAY 1998 • Goal 1 Increase the number of Wisconsin high school graduates of color who apply, are accepted, and enroll at UW System institutions. • Goal 2 Encourage partnerships that build the educational pipeline by reaching children and their parents at an earlier age. • Goal 3 Close the gap in educational achievement, by bringing retention and graduation rates for students of color in line with those of the student body as a whole. • Goal 4 Increase the amount of financial aid available to needy students and reduce their reliance on loans. • Goal 5 Increase the number of faculty, academic staff, classified staff and administrators of color, so that they are represented in the UW System workforce in proportion to their current availability in relevant job pools. In addition, work to increase their future availability as potential employees. • Goal 6 Foster institutional environments and course development that enhance learning and a respect for racial and ethnic diversity. • Goal 7 Improve accountability of the UW System and its institutions. Causes of Black-White Differences in Educational AttainmentSource: Dalton Conley, Being Black, Living in the Red, an analysis of the 1994 Panel Study of Income Dynamics (referring to people who came of age in the 1980s)8Black/White Differences in Graduating from High School• With no statistical controls, blacks slightly less likely to graduate from high school.• Parental education is by far the most important predictor of child’s high school graduation.• When parents’ education and socioeconomic background are statistically controlled, blacks are more likely to graduate from high school than whites, about 160% of white graduation rate.Source: Dalton Conley, Living Black, Being in the RedBlack White Differences in Graduating from College• Without controls, blacks are about 60% less likely than whites to graduate from college, and this weakens only slightly when individual characteristics are controlled.• When parents’ education and assets are controlled, blacks are about 20% more likely to graduate from college than whites (a difference that is not statistically significant in these data).• Parents’ education is most important for predicting college graduation, and parents’ assets (not income) is next most important.Source: Dalton Conley, Living Black, Being in the Red9Net WorthMe dian Net Worth 1994Source : Dalton Conley, Being Black, Living in the Red$0$50,000$100,000$150,000$200,000$250,000$300,000$350,000<$15,001 $15,001-$35,000 $35001-$50,000 $50,001-$75,000 >$75,000 AllYearly Family Incom eWhite BlackMe an Net Worth 1994Source : Dalton Conley, Being Black, Living in the Re d$0$50,000$100,000$150,000$200,000$250,000$300,000$350,000$400,000<$15,001 $15,001-$35,000 $35001-$50,000 $50,001-$75,000 >$75,000 AllYearly Family Incom eWhite Bla ckIn DebtPercent In the Red (Owe More than Their Assets) 1994Source: Dalton Conley, Being Black, Living in the Red0%10%20%30%40%50%60%<$15,001 $15,001-$35,000 $35001-$50,000 $50,001-$75,000 >$75,000 AllYearly Family IncomeWhite Black10Home EquityMe dian Home Equity 1994Source : Dalton Conley, Be ing Black, Living in the Re d$0$10,000$20,000$30,000$40,000$50,000$60,000$70,000$80,000$90,000$100,000<$15,001 $15,001-$35,000 $35001-$50,000 $50,001-$75,000 >$75,000 AllYear ly Fam ily IncomeWhite BlackMe an Home Equity 1994Source: Dalton Conley, Be ing Black, Living in the Red$0$20,000$40,000$60,000$80,000$100,000$120,000$140,000<$15,001 $15,001-$35,000 $35001-$50,000 $50,001-$75,000 >$75,000 AllYearly Family IncomeWhi te BlackNet Worth Excluding
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