ZOO 206 Study questions for Chapters 11 and 12 Spring 2013 1 Define sexual selection and parental investment How is the intensity of sexual selection apparently related to differences in PI between the two sexes How are differences in RS as a function of number of mates related to the relative amount of PI provided by members of each sex 2 What sorts of traits are expected to evolve among members of the sex that invests less i e due to intrasexual competition Give examples of evidence from the species we discussed 3 What sorts of traits are expected to evolve among members of the sex that invests more i e intersexual choice Give examples of evidence from the species and taxa that we discussed 4 Describe why altruism is a paradox for evolutionary theory and how Hamilton s model of kin selection be able to explain the model Br C 0 resolves the apparent paradox include direct indirect and inclusive fitness in your answer 5 Describe the coefficient of relatedness r and why it apparently plays a role in altruism towards kin 6 Describe evidence that animals behave altruistically towards kin Be able to include evidence from prairie dogs and ground squirrels white fronted bee eaters spadefoot toad tadpoles and tiger salamanders rhesus monkey brothers and wood mouse sperm 7 Describe how the hapldiploid reproductive mode of the hymenoptera ants bees and wasps may predispose them to behave altruistically towards kin i e what are the coefficients of relatedness among sisters and bothers What evidence is contrary to the idea of kin selection works in such groups and what evidence supports it 8 Although termites and naked mole rats are not haplodiploid how might their genetic make up influence their predispositi0on to behave altruistically towards kin 9 Describe the characteristics of eusocilaity Give examples of eusocial species and the traits they display 10 Through what mechanisms may kin recognize each other 11 Describe Trivers hypothesis for why parent offspring conflict exists Compare how parent offspring conflict would differ if the parent that invests more in offspring were to produce a full sib or half sib of the current offspring that is receiving PI 12 Describe Trivers model for Reciprocal Altruism What conditions need to exist for it to evolve What is the evidence that kin altruism and reciprocal altruism are at work in vampire bats